Lecture 29 - Nasal Cavity Flashcards
What foramen are present in the pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxillary - Sphenopalatine - Caudal palatine
What nerve/artery is involved in the pterygopalatine fossa?
Maxillary
What does the maxillary foramen go to?
Alveolar and infraorbital canal
Where does the infraorbital canal go?
Nose and rostral face
Where does the alveolar canal go to?
Maxillary teeth
Where does the sphenopalatine foramen go to?
Nasal cavity
Where does the caudal palatine foramen go to?
Hard palate and nasal cavity
What is the external nose called in a carnivore or small ruminant?
Nasal plate
What is the external nose called in cattle?
Nasolabial plate
What is the external nose called in pigs?
Rostral plate
What keeps the nose moist in dogs?
Overflow from nasal mucosa
What keeps the nose moist in cattle and pigs?
Direct secretion from glands
What is the midline sulcus of the external nose called?
Phltrum
What happens to the septal cartilage at the rostral end of the nasal bones?
Becomes membranous
What ligaments support the nose?
Doral and lateral nasal ligament
What are the four cartilages that make up the rostral part of the nose?
Septal - Dorsolateral nasal - Ventrolateral nasal - Accessory
What do the nasal ligaments attach to?
Bony nasal aperture
What is the alar fold?
Raised fold of mucosa along medial wall of nares
What is the significance of the nasal diverticulum?
Blind pouch ventral to alar fold - can be injured via nasal tube pasage
What is the function of the nasal conchae?
Increase the surface area for the nasal cavity
What ware the three portions of the concha?
Dorsal - Ventral - Ethmoidal
What are nasal meati?
Spaces inbetween the conchae
What are the four meati present in the nose?
Dorsal - Middle - Ventral - Common
Where is the vomeronasal organ located?
Rostral base of the nasal septum
What cradles the vomeronasal organ?
Vomeronasal cartilage from the palatine fissure
What is the function of the vomeronasal organ?
Specialized olfactory region - detection of pheromones
What is different about the horses vomeronasal organ?
Does not open into the oral cavity
What is the path of the vomeronasal organ?
Diverticulum of incisive duct which passes through the palatine fissure
What artery mostly contributes to the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine artery
What artery supplies the nasal cavity
Maxillary branches
What branches off the maxillary artery most rostrally?
Decending palatine artery
What does the descending palatine artery give rise to?
Spenopalatine artery
What is the path of the sphenopalatine artery?
Enters the sphenopalatine foramen to reach nasal cavity
What does the sphenopalatine artery supply in the nasal cavity?
Lateral nasal wall
Ventral and dorsal conchae
Middle region of nasal septum
What arteries supple the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine - Ethmodial - Major palatine
What does the external ethmodial artery supply in the nasal cavity?
Caudal nasal septum
Dorsal aspect of nose
Ethmoturbinates
What does the ethmodial a. pass through?
Ethmoidal foramina
What does the major palatine artery supply?
Rostral septum
What does the infraorbital a. supply blood to?
External surface of the nose and rostral enters nostrals
What does teh infraorbital artery anastomose with?
Branches of the spehnopalatine
What does the anastomosis of the infraorbital and sphenopalatine supply?
Ventral nasal concha
What cranal nerves supply sensory to the nasal cavity?
CN I - Olfactory
CN V1 - Ethmodial
CN V2 - Maxillary
What CN supplies the vomeronasal organ?
CN I
What innervates the glands in the nasal mucosa?
Pterygopalatine ganglion
What will direct postganglion PNS nerves from the pterygopalatine ganglion do?
Into the orbit will travel with ethmodial nerves to supply dorsal mucosa of turbinates
What are the branches of CN V2 associated with?
Pterygopalatine ganglion
What does CN I enter the nasal cavity through?
Cribriform plate
