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Anatomy Exam > Lecture 28 - Temporal fossae > Flashcards

Lecture 28 - Temporal fossae Flashcards

1
Q

What does slicing involve?

A

Sharp edges coming together or shearing past each other

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2
Q

What bony structures make up the TMJ?

A

Condyle of mandible

Mandibular fossa of temporal bone

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3
Q

What divides the TMJ into ventral and dorsal halves?

A

Cartilaginous articular disc

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4
Q

What does the dorsal half of the TMJ capsule do?

A

Allows mandibular condyle to slide rostrally or caudally back into place

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5
Q

What does the ventral half of the TMJ capsule do?

A

Permits hinge like opening and closing

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6
Q

What prevents lateral displacement of the TMJ?

A

Lateral ligament

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7
Q

What prevents posterior displacement of the TMJ?

A

Retroarticular process

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8
Q

What prevents ventral displacement of the TMJ?

A

Joint capsule

Surround muscles

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9
Q

What produces lateral movements of the mandible?

A

Retractors on same side

Protruders on opposite side

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10
Q

What is different about the mandible in most domestic animals?

A

Not fused; joined by a symphysis which allows lateral movement and torsional movement

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11
Q

What are the four muscles of mastication?

A

Temporalis - Masseter - Medial pterygoid - Lateral pterygoid

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12
Q

What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?

A

CN V3 - Mandibular nerve

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13
Q

What muscles act across the TMJ but arent muscles of mastication?

A

Cranial digastric and Mylohyoid

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14
Q

Where does the temporalis muscle originate?

A

Temporal fossa - some dibers on the lateral nuchal crest

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15
Q

Where does the Temporalis muscle insert?

A

Coronoid process of the mandible

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16
Q

What is the bilateral action of the Temporalis muscle/?

A

Jaw closing

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17
Q

What is the unilateral action of the temporalis muscle?

A

Broad origin allows differences in action based on portion of muscle bring used but most cause retraction

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18
Q

What is the origin of the masseter muscle?

A

Zygomatic arch

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19
Q

What is the insertion of the masseter?

A

Masseteric fossa and angular process of the mandible

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20
Q

What is the bilateral action of the masseter?

A

Jaw closing

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21
Q

What is the unilateral action of the masseter?

A

Superficial fibers - Protract

Deep fibers - Draw mandible directly laterally or retract

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22
Q

Where does the medial pterygoid originate?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

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23
Q

Where does the medial pterygoid muscle insert?

A

Medial surface of mandibular ramus and angular process

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24
Q

What is the bilateral action of the medial pterygoid?

A

Jaw closing

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25
Q

What is the unilateral action of the medial pterygoid?

A

Protraction

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26
Q

What is the origin of the lateral pterygoid muscle?

A

Pterygopalatine fossa

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27
Q

What is the insertion point of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Capsule of the TMJ and the articular disk

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28
Q

What is the action of the lateral pterygoid?

A

Control position of the articular disk during jaw movement

29
Q

What are the general characteristics of animals who are mainly slicing and crushing during mastication?

A

Temporalis muscle is largest

Zygomatic arch flares laterally for larger coronoid

30
Q

What is the general characteristics of animals who mainly are grinders during mastication?

A

Masseter and Medal pterygoid are largest

Zygomatic arch is smaller

31
Q

What are the general characteristics of the TMJ in animals that are slicers and crushers?

A

Unilateral protraction and retraction are restriction due to hinge like TMJ

32
Q

What are the general characteristics of the TMJ in animals who are grinders?

A

Unilateral protraction and retraction are very important

TMJ flatter and less restricted rostrally

33
Q

What is the origin of the mylohyoid?

A

Along length of the medial aspect of the mandibular body

34
Q

What is the insertion point of the mylohyoid?

A

Midline raphe with fibers from opposite muscles and the basihyoid

35
Q

What nerve innervates the mylohyoid?

A

Mylohyoid nerve

36
Q

What does the mylohyoid nerve come from?

A

CN V3

37
Q

What is the action of the mylohyoid nerve?

A

Raises the floor of the oral cavity to support tongue and draws the basihyoid rostrally

38
Q

What is the origin of the digastric muscle?

A

Paracondylar process

39
Q

What is the insertion point of the digastric muscle?

A

Ventral and medial aspect of the mandible

40
Q

What nerve innervates the digastric muscle?

A

Rostral - Mylohyoid N.

Caudal - Facial N.

41
Q

What is the action of the digastric muscle?

A

Active depression of the mandible

42
Q

What is the occipitomandibularis?

A

Accessory belly of the caudal digastric found in horses

43
Q

What nerve is responsible for skin and mucosa sensory innervation in the mandibular region?

A

Mandibular nerve - CN V3

44
Q

What is the mandibular nerve a branch of?

A

Trigeminal

45
Q

What are the six sensory branches of the mandibular nerve?

A

Buccal n. - Auriculotemporal n. - Inferior alveolar n. - Mental n. - Mylohyoid n. - Lingual n.

46
Q

What does the buccal nerve pass in relation to?

A

Rostrally passing dorsal to the lateral pterygoid

47
Q

What does the buccal n. provide sensory to?

A

Skin of the cheek and underlying oral mucosa

48
Q

What does the auriculotemporal n. supply sensory to?

A

Parts of the external ear and most of the skin overlying temporalis, masseter, and zygomatic arch

49
Q

What is the path of the auriculotemporal n.?

A

Passes caudal to retroarticular process to emerge on the superficial surface of the face between the masseter and auricular cartilage

50
Q

What sensory does the inferior alveolar n. provide?

A

Mandibular teeth

51
Q

What sensory does the mental nerve provide?

A

Skin of the chin

52
Q

What is the mental n. a branch of ?

A

Inferior alveolar n.

53
Q

Where does the mental nerve exit?

A

Mental foramen

54
Q

What sensory information does the mylohyoid n. provide?

A

Skin ventral to teh mandibular body

55
Q

What motor actions does the mylohyoid n. provide?

A

Mylohyoid

Rostral digastric muscle

56
Q

What could the mylohyoid nerve be a branch of?

A

Inferior avelolar

57
Q

What sensory information does the lingual nerve provide?

A

Rostral two-thirds of the tongue and lingual mucosa

58
Q

What is carried with the lingual n.?

A

Special sensory and preganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the facial n.

59
Q

What is the path of the lingual nerve?

A

Runs parallel and rostral to the inferior alveolar n. passing medial to mandible to enter caudal aspect of the oral cavity

60
Q

What is the maxillary a. divided into?

A

Mandibular - Pterygoid - Pterygopalatine

61
Q

What are some things that the mandibular portion of the maxillary artery provide blood to?

A

Temporalis, Masseter, and some of pterygoid mass

TMJ and Ear

62
Q

What are two main branches off the mandibular a.?

A

Inferior alveolar a.

Middle meningeal a.

63
Q

Where does the middle meningeal a. go?

A

Through the oval foramen into the cranial cavity

64
Q

What does the pterygoplatine a. provide blood to?

A

Orbit, palate, nasal cavity

Temporalis - and MOST of the pterygoid mass

65
Q

What branch comes off the pterygoplatine?

A

Buccal artery

66
Q

Where does the maxillary vein form?

A

caudal to the alar canal from union of veins from pterygoid plexus

67
Q

What joins with the maxillary vein to form the external jugular?

A

Linguofacial v.

68
Q

What does does grinding involve?

A

Sliding of rough or texture surfaces

Anatomy Exam (32 decks)

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