Monitoring Anesthetic Depth

Question 1

What kind of activity is Consciousness?

Answer 1

cortical and subcortical activity

Question 2

What kind of activity is Nociception

Answer 2

Subcortical activity

Question 3

Anesthesia

Answer 3

controlled and reversible loss of consciousness, nociception, and mobility

Question 4

Important concept of Anesthesia

Answer 4

3 times more anesthesia is needed to inhibit movement then to inhibit consciousness

Question 5

What are subcortical activities and reflexes

Answer 5

Eye movement and position 
Eyelid, eyelash, and corneal reflexes
Pupillary light reflex
Jaw and tongue tones
Anal tone and reflex
Muscle tone
Respiratory/pulse rate and rhythm 
Responses to nociceptive stimulus

Question 6

EEG

Answer 6

monitoring cortical activity to detect arousal

Correlates with anesthetic depth

Question 7

BIS

Answer 7

Provides a number between 0 and 100

similar to the EEG and easier to interpret

Question 8

Stage 1 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 8

Drug administration to loss of consciousness

Excitement and violent struggle may occur

Question 9

Stage 2 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 9

Loss of consciousness until the onset of regular breathing

State of delirium

Question 10

Stage 3 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 10

From the onset of regular breathing until the cessation of effective breathing
no movement in response to noxious stimuli

Question 11

How many planes of Stage 3 of Guedel’s Anesthesia?

Answer 11

3

Question 12

Stage 3 Plane 1 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 12

Light anesthesia
Nystagmus
no swallowing reflex

Question 13

Stage 3 Plane 2 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 13

Medium plane of anesthesia

Adequate muscle relaxation for most surgical procedures

Question 14

Stage 3 Plane 3 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 14

Deep Anesthesia

Diaphragmatic breathing

Question 15

Stage 4 of Guedel’s Anesthesia

Answer 15

Respiratory Failure
Cardiac Arrest
Death from overdose

Question 16

what stage are most surgeries and intubation performed at?

Answer 16

Stage 3 Planes 2-3

Question 17

What kind of Anesthetic is Ketamine?

Answer 17

Dissociative Anesthetic

Question 18

What are the goals of anesthesia?

Answer 18

Acceptable cardiovascular function
Fully relaxed and immobile patient
Least necessary anesthetic depth

Question 19

If spontaneous RR is too high it may indicate:

Answer 19

Too light anesthesia

Low lung volume

Question 20

What is a common cause of increase Heart Rate?

Answer 20

Surgical Stimulus 
Life threatening stress
Anemia 
Hypovolemia 
Shock 
Hyperthermia

Question 21

What is a common cause of decreased Heart Rate?

Answer 21

Drugs

Hypothermia

Question 22

What are the three questions to determine anesthetic depth?

Answer 22

Is the cardiovascular function acceptable?
Is the patient relaxes and immobile?
Is there any subcortical activity detected?