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RUSVM Anesthesiology 2016 > Blood Transfusion > Flashcards

Blood Transfusion Flashcards

1
Q

Blood Transfusion

A

the process of transferring blood or blood based products from one individual into the circulatory system of another individual of the same species

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2
Q

Purpose of transfusion

A 
Increase the Hb content of the blood 
Increase circulating volume 
Increasing plasma albumin content 
Provide coagulation factors 
Provide functional platelets
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3
Q

What are the different types of blood products?

A

Fresh Whole Blood
Packed Red Cells
Fresh Frozen Plasma

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4
Q

What do you use for Increasing Hb content of blood?

A

Fresh whole blood

packed red cells

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5
Q

Acute Blood loss

A

greater than 20% of blood volume

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6
Q

What are clinical signs of blood loss?

A 
Pale mucous membranes
Elevated heart rate
Low blood pressure
Weak pulse 
Blood in surgical sponges and suction container
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7
Q

How do you estimate blood loss?

A

A standard surgical sponge may contain 5 ml of blood

Measure weight of soaked sponges and subtract empty sponges

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8
Q

What is the equation for blood to be transfused?

A

Blood to be transfused = [PCV required - PCV recipient] x blood volume of recipient (ml) / PCV of donor

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9
Q

What do you use to increase plasma albumin content?

A

Human albumin

Canine serum albumin powder

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10
Q

What is the best option to provide coagulation factors?

A

Cryoprecipitate

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11
Q

What are all the options to provide coagulation factors?

A

Cryoprecipitate
Fresh Whole Blood
Fresh Plasma
Fresh frozen plasma

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12
Q

What are the problems caused by Plasma?

A

allergic reaction

immunity against blood group

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13
Q

What is the best option to provide functional platelets?

A

Fresh Whole Blood

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14
Q

What are characteristics for donor selection?

A 
Free of blood born diseases
Actual vaccination status
Good general physical condition 
Not too young or too old 
Mild to large body size 
castrated male or nulliparous female
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15
Q

What are other side effects of transfusion?

A 
Circulatory overload
Acute Lung Injury 
Citrate induced hypocalcemia 
Sepsis 
Transmission of infectious diseases
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16
Q

What is the acute reaction of blood type incompatibility?

A

Hemolysis

Agglutination

17
Q

What is the slow reaction of blood type incompatibility?

A

Decreased RBC life span

18
Q

What are signs of acute reaction to blood incompatibility?

A 
Increased HR
Decreased BP 
Increased RR
dyspnea
wheals
urticaria
fever
pain
19
Q

What are the treatments of acute reaction?

A

STOP transfusion
Epinephrine
Antihistamines

20
Q

DEA

A

Dog Erythrocyte Antigen

21
Q

What are the three major feline blood groups?

A

A
B
AB

22
Q

What are the two most antigenic equine blood groups?

A

Aa

Qa

23
Q

Major Cross match

A

Donor RBCs + recipient plasma

24
Q

Minor Cross Match

A

Recipient RBCs + donor plasma

25
Q

Oxyglobin

A

Chemically stabilized bovine hemoglobin

26
Q

What is oxyglobin used to treat?

A

anemia in dogs

RUSVM Anesthesiology 2016 (38 decks)

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