Mechanical Ventilation Flashcards
Ventilation
Defined by PaO2
Oxygenation
Defined by PaO2 or SpO2
What has the largest impact on oxygenation?
FiO2 = % of O2
Resistance equation
Resistance = Pressure difference/Flow
Compliance equation
Compliance = Volume/Flow
Mechanical ventilation
a method of artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing provided by a ventilator or by a person
Types of Ventilation
Spontaneous
Assisted
Mandatory
Spontaneous ventilation
patient determines when and how
Assisted ventilation
Patient determines when and ventilator determines how
Mandatory ventilation
ventilator determines when and how
IPPV
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
IMV
Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
CPAP
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
IPPV: Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation
Positive Pressure is maintained only during inspiration (no PEEP)
IMV: Intermittent Mandatory Ventilation
Operator sets a predetermined number of positive breath but patient can also breath freely mechanical breaths
CPAP: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Spontaneous breathing with positive during both inspiratory and expiratory phase
PIP: Peak Inspiratory Pressure
Highest Pressure during Inspiration
This pressure inflates the alveoli, opens atelectasis or causes barotrauma
PEEP: Positive End Expiratory Pressure
Positive pressure that is maintained during expiration
This pressure keeps the alveoli open
Indications for PEEP
Open thorax
Lung Parenchymal disease
Following alveolar recruitment maneuver