Monitoring and managing Udder HEalth Flashcards

1
Q

How should we approach monitoring of udder health?

A
  1. (Identify the presenting problem (e.g. SCC Vs CM))
  2. Obtain an accurate history
  3. Analyse the available data (diagnose the pattern)
  4. Make relevant on farm observations (weigh the risks)
  5. Collect & analyse appropriate samples
  6. Establish a plan for control
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2
Q

What is the timeline of lactation?

A
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3
Q

How classical approach to mastitis investigation?

A
  • Milk sample → bacteriology → diagnose bacteria → predict
    behaviour → identify likely risk factors → establish controls
  • On farm risk assessment + bacteriology
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4
Q

What pattern analysis approach can we use alos?

A
  • CM / SCC data → diagnose behaviour → identify likely risk factors
    → establish controls
  • Pattern diagnosis + targeted risk assessment
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5
Q

What KEY QUESTIONS for udder health?

A
  1. PResentation - is the main issue high SCC or clinical-mastitis ?
  2. Origin - dry or lactation?
  3. Bhvr - environmental or contagious ?
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6
Q

What to identify with subclinical mastitis?

A
  • BMSCC
  • % cows recording >200K cells/ml
  • Culling Rate
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7
Q

What to identify with clinical mastitis?

A
  • Clinical case rate
  • Recurrence rate
  • Clinical cure rate
  • High severity / mortality
  • Culling Rate
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8
Q

What case rates with clinical mastitis?

A
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9
Q

Targets for subclin mastitis?

A
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10
Q

Make a table of which pathogens are contagious or environmental ?

A
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11
Q

Make a table of which pathogens are major vs minor ?

A
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12
Q

Compare contagious and envronmental bhvr of pathogens

A
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13
Q

How do we grade mastitis?

A
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14
Q

What observations should we be looking at?

A
  • Management
  • Environment
  • Dairy cows
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15
Q

What risk factors for environmental mastitis?

A
  • Poor environmental hygiene
  • High stocking density
  • Organic bedding substrates
  • Cubicle & passageway design
  • Poor ventilation
  • Milk leakage
  • Nutrition, NEBAL, rumen health & faecal consistency
  • Milking plant dysfunction & teat hyperkeratosis
  • Milking routine
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16
Q

What risk factors to contagious mastitis ?

A

> Milking routine
* Post-milking teat prep absent / poor technique
* No segregation of high-risk / low-risk cows
* No cluster disinfection

> Milking plant dysfunction
* Vacuum reserve & pulsation
* Liner fatigue / slip
* Cleaning & disinfection cycle
* Maintenance & servicing

17
Q

What is a N(1) TEat score?

A

No ring -> no callosity ring present at the end of the teat

18
Q

S(2)?

A

Smooth ring or slight callosity ring (parakeratosis)

19
Q

R(3?

A

Rough ring -> hyperkeratosis of the teat epidermis and eversion of the teat end

20
Q

VR (4) ?

A

Very Rough Ring -> hyperkeratosis os the teat epidermis and keratin fronding of the teat orifice
- Severe teat eversion

21
Q

Cleanliness scoring?

22
Q

Describe individual milk bacteriology?

A
  • New Clinical MAstitis Cases Pre-tx
  • NEw high SCC cows
  • CJHronic High SCC cows
23
Q

Describe bulk milk bacteriology/ qPCR

A
  • Mastitis
  • Coliforms
  • Psychotrophs
  • Thermoducts