Sheep Mobility & Claw Health Flashcards
Costs of lameness?
- Economics
- Indirect & direct costs: 24m£/yr
- Welfare
What are the Main causes of Lameness in UK sheep flocks?
- Scald
- Foot rot
- CODD
- Toe granuloma
- Toe abscess
- Shelly hoof
What other causes of Lameness?
- Post-dipping lameness
- Strawberry foot rot (orf)
- Injury - e.g. soil balling, foreign bodies
- Arthritis – old age, joint ill (lambs)
- Tick pyaemia
- (Foot and Mouth Disease)
What aetiology og Ovine Digital Dermatitis (SCALD)
Dichelabactor nodosus
Describe Scald
- Occurs in wet, warm lush grazing conditions
- Softening of skin
- Causes a dermatitis between the claws
- Non-invasive
- Infectious
- Sporadic outbreaks
Tx for Sclad?
- Lambs: topical oxytet spray for the individual, repeated daily for 3 days
- Ewes: Systemic antibiotics
Prevention of Scald?
- Moving feed troughs regularly
- Foot bathing weekly
Footrot aetiology?
Fusobacterium necrophorum (ubiquitous)
Dichelobactor nodosus -> synergistically. FN lyses epidermal matrix causing separation of hoof horn. DN then invades with keratolytic proteases
When do we see Footrot?
- spring, Autumn, Wet housing conditions
survives on pasture for 14 days
Tx - ABs?
- Scald – Topical oxytetracycline spray for 3 days
- Foot rot – Systemic LA oxytetracycline or
amoxycillin
Control of footrot?
5 pt plan
CODD aetiology?
Treponemes spp but fusobact and dichelobact also possibly involved
Symptoms of CODD?
- Red ulcerated areas at the coronary band
- The wall horn often separates
- Hair loss 2-3cm above the coronary band
T/F CODD hard to differentiate from footrot in advanced lesions?
true
Tx for CODD?
Amoxicillin LA or Macrolides, NSAIDs
Isolate
Describe White line disease
- Sporadic occurence
- Often in misshapen feet
- May get bacterial entry and result in an abscess
- May track up and discharge at the coronary band
TX for white line dx?
Careful foot paring to remove underrun horn and release pus
Why do we get toe granulomas?
- Over trimming
- Chronic irritation
- Untreated lameness
noncontagious so high prevalence suggests an underlying cause
CLS of toe grnauloma?
painful red swelling at point of toe
Tx for Toe granuloma?
- Removal an option
- Culling most common
Control of granulomas?
- Trimming protocol and controlling other lameness causes
What principles of managing lameness causes?
- Build resilience
- Establish challenge
- Reduce challenge