Module 6 Flashcards
Behaviorists tend to define memory as:
Indication that learning has persisted over time.
Cognitive and biological psychologists define memory as:
The ability of the nervous system to retain and retrieve skills and knowledge.
The information processing model of memory differentiates between…
Encoding, storage, and retrieval
The process of encoding involves…
transforming our sensory and perceptual experience of the world (both conscious and non-conscious) into a form that can be stored in the brain.
True or False: Memories often change while in storage
false
True or False: While information is in storage, you cannot manipulate it
True
Over time the information in storage will…
fade away and our memory for it will become less accurate
The process of retrieval is can be broken down into what two sub-processes?
The process of recall
The process of recognition
Explain the process of recall
searching through memory for information to be brought back to the forefront of conscious awareness
Explain the process of recognition
comparing our current experience to our past experiences that are stored in memory
Memory is composed of three parts:
sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory
Sensory memory is capable of ____ and _____ but ________ storage
brief, immense, limited
Working memory is where you hold information that…
you want to process right now
Working memory is responsible for deciding what information from sensory memory we should…
attend to and process.
The main functions of WM are to ______ and ________
encode and retrieve
The length of storage in long term memory will depend on…
how well you process information in working memory
The Serial Position Effect is comprised of two separate effects…
the primacy effect and the recency effect.
What are the two types of encoding
automatic encoding and effortful encoding
The focus of elaborative rehearsal is on ______
understanding.
The focus of maintenance rehearsal is on ________
remembering.
In maintenance rehearsal, we…
repeat information that has been presented to us over and over again
in Elaborative rehearsal, we…
attempt to think more deeply about the material
______ memories are our memories for the events that have happened in our life
Episodic
_______ memories are your memories of facts, irrespective of when or where you learned those facts
Semantic
_________ memories correspond to behavioral procedures that we can learn to the point of them being habitual and not requiring conscious reflection to perform.
procedural
Shallow processing is when we think about information…
in a very limited way
Deep processing is when we think about information…
in multiple ways
to ease retrieval, you need to…
enhance encoding.
ESP stands for…
The Encoding Specificity Principle
If it wires together,…
it fires together.
What are the two primary types of amnesia
anterograde and retrograde
anterograde amnesia results in…
the impairment in forming new memories
retrograde amnesia results in…
the inability to retrieve old memories formed prior to the injury or disease
In _________ rehearsal, we repeat information that has been presented to us over and over again
maintenance
The focus of maintenance rehearsal is on __________.
remembering
________ rehearsal is when you not only attend to and process information, but instead, you attempt to think more deeply about the material
Elaborative
The focus of elaborative rehearsal is on ____________.
understanding
Declarative memories typically…
take the form of language and therefore can be declared.
What is the difference between explicit and declarative memories
none, different words for the same thing
Long term memory is divided into…
implicit and explicit
Explicit memory is divided into…
episodic and semantic
implicit memory is divided into…
Procedural memory and classical conditioning
