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Phycology > Module 4 > Flashcards

Module 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between sensation and perception

A

Sensation is sensory information being turned into neural impulses, perception is neural impulses affecting the conscious perception of the world.

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2
Q

When communicating physical stimuli, our bodies must signal both the ________ and the _________ of the sensory experience.

A

quality and quantity

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3
Q

The sensory threshold is…

A

the threshold that marks when you can sense something, but not necessarily perceive it

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4
Q

The perceptual threshold is…

A

the threshold that marks when you perceive a sensation

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5
Q

Signal detection theory recognizes that detecting a stimulus is not an objective process. Instead, it is a subjective decision that includes two components:

A

1) Sensitivity to the stimulus in the presence of other distractions
2) The criteria used to make the judgment from ambiguous information

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6
Q

What is signal detection theory?

A

A series of trials involving the presentation (or not) of a stimulus, with a participant who indicates whether or not they perceived that stimulus

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7
Q

What are the four outcomes of a signal detection theory trail?

A

Hit, Miss, false positive/alarm, correct rejection

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8
Q

Why might a persons data be thrown out of a signal detection trail?

A

Because they had a lot of false postives/alarms

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9
Q

Supraliminal stimuli to the sensory absolute threshold…

A

is sensed, but may or may not be perceived

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10
Q

Supraliminal stimuli to the perceptual absolute threshold…

A

is sensed and perceived

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11
Q

Subluminal stimuli to the sensory absolute threshold…

A

Is neither sensed nor perceived

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12
Q

Subluminal stimuli to the perceptual absolute threshold…

A

Is not perceived, but may or may not be sensed

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13
Q

What is Weber’s law

A

The Difference Threshold increases as the stimulus becomes more intense.

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14
Q

What is sensory adaptation?

A

sensory systems respond less and less to a constant stimulus

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15
Q

The cornea is responsible for…

A

most of the bending of light in the eye.

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16
Q

The Iris of the eye can…

A

contract to dilate the pupil or relax to constrict the pupil.

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17
Q

The pupil controls…

A

the amount of light entering the eye

18
Q

To focus on far away objects, the _______ _______ ______, which causes the lens to flatten like a disc

A

ciliary muscles relax

19
Q

The shape of the eye’s lens can be changed by the…

A

ciliary muscles that surround it.

20
Q

There are approximately 120 million ____ in each eye

A

rods

21
Q

There are approximately 6 million _____ in each eye

A

cones

22
Q

The _______ is a photosensitive layer at the back of the eye

A

retina

23
Q

The _______ is a small area in the center of the retina that contains only cones

A

Fovea

24
Q

The optic nerve is a…

A

bundle of the ganglion cell axons

25
Q

Ganglion cells carry…

A

the visual signal to the brain

26
Q

The rods and cones within the retina contain ___________

A

photopigments

27
Q

What are photopigments?

A

protein molecules that break down in response to light.

28
Q

the left visual field is processed by the ______ hemisphere, and the right visual field is processed by the _____ hemisphere

A

Right; Left

29
Q

True or False: the left eye sends signals to the right hemisphere, and the right eye sends signals to the left

A

False, each eye sends information to each hemisphere

30
Q

The Ventral Pathway is specialized for…

A

identifying objects and their features (colors, shapes, etc.) (“What” Pathway)

31
Q

The Dorsal Pathway is specialized for…

A

locating objects and perceiving motion (“Where” Pathway)

32
Q

The dorsal pathway runs to the ______ lobe

A

parietal

33
Q

The Ventral Pathway runs to the ______ lobe

A

temporal

34
Q

S-cones are most sensitive to ______ wavelengths of light corresponding to…

A

shorter; violent and blue hues

35
Q

M-cones are most sensitive to ________ wavelengths of light, including…

A

medium; cyan, green, and yellow light

36
Q

L-cones are most sensitive to ____ wavelengths of light, including…

A

long; yellow, orange, and red

37
Q

Waves of lower amplitude produce ______ light

A

dimmer

38
Q

Waves of higher amplitude produce _____ light.

A

brighter

39
Q

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are…

A

three small bones inside your ear that vibrate when impacted by sound waves.

40
Q

Inattentional blindness occurs when we…

A

fail to see visible objects in the the visual field because we are not attending to them

41
Q

Change blindness occurs when a…

A

visual change is introduced while our vision is blocked

42
Q

One way we organize our perceptions is through perceptual grouping…

A

we group things that are close together and/or similar to one another

Phycology (13 decks)

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