Module 10 Flashcards by Powell Brenters

The factors that contribute to the development of a psychological disorder are referred to as its ________

etiology

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The term “Diathesis” refers to…

a vulnerability, or predisposition to a disorder (This could refer to either a biological/genetic or environmental predisposition)

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what is the Diathesis-Stress Model?

A model of mental health diagnosis that involves looking at risk factors, and the things that can trigger those risk factors into a mental health disorder

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___________ is an illness or disorder of the mind

Psychopathology

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According to Family Systems Model, problems within a family can…

be manifested as problems within an individual

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CBT is based on…

the principles outlined in behavioral psychology, Because thoughts and behaviors can be learned, they can also be unlearned, punished, or extinguished

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Women are more likely than men to experience __________ disorders

internalizing

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Men are more likely than women to experience _________ disorders.

externalizing

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Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are both ________ (internalizing/externalizing) disorders

internalizing

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Substance use disorder, conduct disorder, and antisocial personality disorder are all ___________ (Internalizing/externalizing) disorders.

externalizing

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what is prognosis

the severity of the symptoms and how significantly they may impact a person’s daily life

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The DSM (does/does not provide) provide information regarding the etiology (causes) of mental health disorders

does not

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The DSM (does/does not) provide suggested treatments

does not

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The DSM (does/does not provide) the time course of the disorder, if applicable

does

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The DSM (does/does not provide) tools for prognosis

does

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Mental health disorders are _______ _______ – meaning that there are many different causes of each disorder

multiply determined

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The major benefit of the DSM is that it provides a…

high degree of agreement between psychologists

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Mental health status exam is a…

test performed by a nurse, doctor, or other medical professional, that is meant to determine if more mental health treatment is needed.

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What provides a more consistent diagnosis, a structured or unstructured clinical interview?

Structured

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What is one similarity between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder?

They both have a free floating trigger, they can be triggered by a wide variety of things

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What differentiates between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder?

The intensity/duration of the anxiety

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What are the key features of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

A constant, mild anxiety that can be caused by almost anything

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What are the key features of Panic Disorder?

Short bursts of intense anxiety that can be triggered by almost anything

What are the key features of a specific phobia

Moderate to intense anxiety caused by exposure to a specific trigger

Social anxiety disorder is the fear of...

being negatively evaluated

Obsessions are...

Persistent unwanted thoughts that lead to emotional distress.

Compulsions are...

ritualized, repetitive behaviors that the individual engages in as an attempt to manage the distress associated with their obsessions

Explain the vicious cycle of OCD

1) Obsession 2) Anxiety 3) Compulsive behavior 4) Temporary relief

_______ acts are an attempt to relieve the anxiety caused by __________ thoughts.

Compulsive; obsessive

Mood disorders are those disorders that are associated with significant variations in mood. This includes two major sub-categories...

depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.

The causes of MDD fall into three categories, which are...

biological, situational, and cognitive influences

If a person is experiencing: Loss of sleep Distractibility Hyper-agitation Racing thoughts Push of speech Impulsive behaviors Grandiose delusions They are probably...

Having a manic episode

If a person is experiencing: Depressed mood Loss of interest/pleasure Insomnia or hypersomnia Feeling worthless or excessive/inappropriate guilt Decreased concentration They are probably...

having a depressive episode

In Bipolar I, the manic episodes are...

Most severe and impairing.

In Bipolar II, the manic episodes are...

Less extreme and referred to as hypomanic episodes

In cyclothymia...

the person experiences an almost constant fluctuation between hypomanic and mildly depressed states for at least one year, with few periods of neutral mood.

positive symptoms of schizophrenia are...

excesses above what a person not diagnosed with schizophrenia experience

For schizophrenia patients, what type of symptoms respond best to anti-psychotic drugs?

Positive symptoms

Delusions are...

false beliefs that are based on a distortion of reality

Persecutory/paranoid Delusions are...

beliefs that others are spying on you, trying to harm you, out to get you

Grandiose Delusions are...

beliefs that one has great power, knowledge, talent

Identity Delusions are...

Beliefs that you are someone else, such as important religious and political figures

Control Delusions are...

Beliefs that one’s thoughts and behaviors are being controlled by external forces

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent...

deficiencies in behavior from what is observed in those not diagnosed with schizophrenia

Which of the following is NOT a negative symptom? Amotivation Flat affect Poverty of speech Inability to hear certain things

Inability to hear certain things

Personality disorders are characterized by...

maladaptive and inflexible ways of interacting, which are long-lasting and cause problems in work and social situations

Cluster A personality disorders are...

Odd or eccentric behaviors

Cluster B personality disorders are...

Dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior

Cluster C personality disorders are...

Anxious or fearful behavior

What are examples of cluster A personality disorders...

Paranoid, Schizoid, or Schizotypal Personality Disorders (PDs)

What are examples of cluster B personality disorders...

Histrionic, Narcissistic, Borderline, or Antisocial PDs

What are examples of cluster C personality disorders...

Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive PDs

If a person is: Impulsive Very manipulative and controlling in relationships Has a fear of abandonment and a hatred of being alone They probably have...

borderline personality disorder

If a person is: 18 + have a lifelong history of antisocial conduct hedonistic, seeking immediate gratification of their own desires without regard to others quite bright and verbally skilled They probably have...

Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)

If a person is: Lower than average intelligence acutely aware of their surroundings — but not the people who are present often focus on aspects of situations that seem unimportant to others They probably have...

Autism Spectrum Disorder