Module 10 Flashcards
The factors that contribute to the development of a psychological disorder are referred to as its ________
etiology
The term “Diathesis” refers to…
a vulnerability, or predisposition to a disorder (This could refer to either a biological/genetic or environmental predisposition)
what is the Diathesis-Stress Model?
A model of mental health diagnosis that involves looking at risk factors, and the things that can trigger those risk factors into a mental health disorder
___________ is an illness or disorder of the mind
Psychopathology
According to Family Systems Model, problems within a family can…
be manifested as problems within an individual
CBT is based on…
the principles outlined in behavioral psychology, Because thoughts and behaviors can be learned, they can also be unlearned, punished, or extinguished
Women are more likely than men to experience __________ disorders
internalizing
Men are more likely than women to experience _________ disorders.
externalizing
Major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder are both ________ (internalizing/externalizing) disorders
internalizing
Substance use disorder, conduct disorder, and antisocial personality disorder are all ___________ (Internalizing/externalizing) disorders.
externalizing
what is prognosis
the severity of the symptoms and how significantly they may impact a person’s daily life
The DSM (does/does not provide) provide information regarding the etiology (causes) of mental health disorders
does not
The DSM (does/does not) provide suggested treatments
does not
The DSM (does/does not provide) the time course of the disorder, if applicable
does
The DSM (does/does not provide) tools for prognosis
does
Mental health disorders are _______ _______ – meaning that there are many different causes of each disorder
multiply determined
The major benefit of the DSM is that it provides a…
high degree of agreement between psychologists
Mental health status exam is a…
test performed by a nurse, doctor, or other medical professional, that is meant to determine if more mental health treatment is needed.
What provides a more consistent diagnosis, a structured or unstructured clinical interview?
Structured
What is one similarity between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder?
They both have a free floating trigger, they can be triggered by a wide variety of things
What differentiates between Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Panic Disorder?
The intensity/duration of the anxiety
What are the key features of Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
A constant, mild anxiety that can be caused by almost anything
What are the key features of Panic Disorder?
Short bursts of intense anxiety that can be triggered by almost anything
What are the key features of a specific phobia
Moderate to intense anxiety caused by exposure to a specific trigger
Social anxiety disorder is the fear of…
being negatively evaluated
Obsessions are…
Persistent unwanted thoughts that lead to emotional distress.
Compulsions are…
ritualized, repetitive behaviors that the individual engages in as an attempt to manage the distress associated with their obsessions
Explain the vicious cycle of OCD
1) Obsession
2) Anxiety
3) Compulsive behavior
4) Temporary relief
_______ acts are an attempt to relieve the anxiety caused by __________ thoughts.
Compulsive; obsessive
Mood disorders are those disorders that are associated with significant variations in mood. This includes two major sub-categories…
depressive disorders and bipolar disorders.
The causes of MDD fall into three categories, which are…
biological, situational, and cognitive influences
If a person is experiencing:
Loss of sleep
Distractibility
Hyper-agitation
Racing thoughts
Push of speech
Impulsive behaviors
Grandiose delusions
They are probably…
Having a manic episode
If a person is experiencing:
Depressed mood
Loss of interest/pleasure
Insomnia or hypersomnia
Feeling worthless or excessive/inappropriate guilt
Decreased concentration
They are probably…
having a depressive episode
In Bipolar I, the manic episodes are…
Most severe and impairing.
In Bipolar II, the manic episodes are…
Less extreme and referred to as hypomanic episodes
In cyclothymia…
the person experiences an almost constant fluctuation between hypomanic and mildly depressed states for at least one year, with few periods of neutral mood.
positive symptoms of schizophrenia are…
excesses above what a person not diagnosed with schizophrenia experience
For schizophrenia patients, what type of symptoms respond best to anti-psychotic drugs?
Positive symptoms
Delusions are…
false beliefs that are based on a distortion of reality
Persecutory/paranoid Delusions are…
beliefs that others are spying on you, trying to harm you, out to get you
Grandiose Delusions are…
beliefs that one has great power, knowledge, talent
Identity Delusions are…
Beliefs that you are someone else, such as important religious and political figures
Control Delusions are…
Beliefs that one’s thoughts and behaviors are being controlled by external forces
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia represent…
deficiencies in behavior from what is observed in those not diagnosed with schizophrenia
Which of the following is NOT a negative symptom?
Amotivation
Flat affect
Poverty of speech
Inability to hear certain things
Inability to hear certain things
Personality disorders are characterized by…
maladaptive and inflexible ways of interacting, which are long-lasting and cause problems in work and social situations
Cluster A personality disorders are…
Odd or eccentric behaviors
Cluster B personality disorders are…
Dramatic, emotional, or erratic behavior
Cluster C personality disorders are…
Anxious or fearful behavior
What are examples of cluster A personality disorders…
Paranoid, Schizoid, or Schizotypal Personality Disorders (PDs)
What are examples of cluster B personality disorders…
Histrionic, Narcissistic, Borderline, or Antisocial PDs
What are examples of cluster C personality disorders…
Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive PDs
If a person is:
Impulsive
Very manipulative and controlling in relationships
Has a fear of abandonment and a hatred of being alone
They probably have…
borderline personality disorder
If a person is:
18 +
have a lifelong history of antisocial conduct
hedonistic, seeking immediate gratification of their own desires without regard to others
quite bright and verbally skilled
They probably have…
Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)
If a person is:
Lower than average intelligence
acutely aware of their surroundings — but not the people who are present
often focus on aspects of situations that seem unimportant to others
They probably have…
Autism Spectrum Disorder
