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PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY > MODULE 5: FLOWERS > Flashcards

MODULE 5: FLOWERS Flashcards

1
Q

Dating as far back as 1580B.C, it was derived from the Greek word “leiron”, it was so revered by the Greeks that that they believed it sprouted from the milk of Hera, the queen of the Gods

A

LILY

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2
Q

Known to be the May birth flower and the 30th wedding anniversary flower.

A

LILY

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3
Q

Symbolize chastity and virtue , pink stargazer _____ represent wealth and prosperity.

A

WHITE LILIES

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4
Q

The part of the plant that produces seeds, is often brightly colored, and sometimes has a pleasant smell.

A

FLOWER

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5
Q
  • Consists of reproductive organs: stamens and carpels.
  • Typically surrounded by: petals (corolla) and green sepals
A

FLOWER

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6
Q
  • A reproductive organ of Angiosperms that develops from the floral buds.
A

FLOWER

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7
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER

A
  • ACCESSORY PARTS
  • ESSENTIAL PARTS
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8
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:

A
  • PEDUNCLE (PEDICEL)
  • RECEPTACLE
  • SEPALS (CALYX)
  • PETALS (COROLLA)
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9
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:
- Stalk that holds the flower

A

PEDUNCLE (PEDICEL)

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10
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:
- Enlarged tip of the peduncle where other plant structures are attached

A

RECEPTACLE

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11
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:
- Modified leaves that surround and enclose the other flower parts as they mature

A

SEPALS (CALYX)

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12
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:
- Leaf-like, flat, thin and brightly colored which attracts pollinators

A

PETALS (COROLLA)

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13
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ACCESSORY PARTS:
- Calyx + Corolla

A

FLORAL ENVELOPE (PERIANTH)

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14
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:

A
  • STAMEN (ANDROECIUM)
  • PISTIL (GYNOECIUM/CARPEL)
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15
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- The male part of the flower
Parts:
1. Anther
2. Filament

A

STAMEN (ANDROECIUM)

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16
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- Tip, the one who releases the pollen

A

ANTHER

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17
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- The stalk who holds the anther

A

FILAMENT

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18
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- The female part of the flower
Parts:
1. Stigma
2. Style
3. Ovary
4. Ovule

A

PISTIL (GYNOECIUM/CARPEL)

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19
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- The one who receives the pollen

A

STIGMA

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20
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- Stalk that hold the stigma

A

STYLE

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21
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- Houses the ovule and become the fruit

A

OVARY

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22
Q

PARTS OF A FLOWER
ESSENTIAL PARTS:
- Becomes the seed

A

OVULE

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23
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- Constitute the outermost and lowest whorl on a floral shoot, are leaflike in shape and form and are often green.
- Cover and protect the flower parts when the flower is a bud.

A

SEPALS

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24
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- Collective term for all the sepals of a flower

A

CALYX

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25
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- The whorl of petals, which are usually thin, soft, and colored to attract animals that help the process of pollination.

A

COROLLA

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26
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- The basic unit of the female reproductive structure is

A

CARPEL

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27
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- Each physical body is called

A

PISTIL

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28
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- The sticky tip of the pistil and is the receptor of pollen

A

STIGMA

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29
Q

FLOWER ANATOMY:
- The supportive stalk, it becomes the pathway for pollen tubes to grow from pollen grains adhering to the stigma, to the ovules, containing the gametes, housed inside the ovary

A

STYLE

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30
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:

A
  1. COMPLETE FLOWER
  2. INCOMPLETE FLOWER
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31
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
- All floral appendages are present

A

COMPLETE FLOWER

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32
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
- One or more floral appendages are absent

A

INCOMPLETE FLOWER

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33
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
- A flower having sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils

A

COMPLETE FLOWER

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34
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
-If a flower is lacking one or more of the whorls it is

A

INCOMPLETE FLOWER

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35
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
- Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa sinensis)

A

COMPLETE FLOWER

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36
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
- Kalachchi (Plumeria rubra)

A

INCOMPLETE FLOWER

37
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER

A
  1. PERFECT/BISEXUAL/HERMAPHRODITIC FLOWER
  2. IMPERFECT/UNISEXUAL FLOWER
38
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER
- A flower with both stamen and pistil

A

PERFECT/BISEXUAL/HERMAPHRODITIC FLOWER

39
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER
- A flower that bears either stamen or pistil

A

IMPERFECT/UNISEXUAL

40
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:

A
  1. REGULAR FLOWER
  2. IRREGULAR FLOWER
41
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:
- Members of each set of floral parts are of the same size and shape

A

REGULAR FLOWER

42
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:
- Some members of one or more sets of floral parts are different in size and shape
1. Papilionaceous
2. Caesalpinaceous
3. Bilabiate or Two- Lipped
4. Orchidaceous

A

IRREGULAR FLOWER

43
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:
C. Irregular flower
- Has 3 sets of petals

A

PAPILIONACEOUS

44
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:
C. Irregular flower
- Has 2 sets of petals

A

CAESALPINACEOUS

45
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER
- Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa sinensis)

A

PERFECT FLOWER

46
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SEXUALITY OF THE FLOWER
- Squash/Pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima)

A

IMPERFECT FLOWER

47
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS
- Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa sinensis)

A

REGULAR FLOWER

48
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE SIZE AND SHAPE OF FLORAL PARTS:
- Common Orchid (Dendrobium anosmum)

A

IRREGULAR FLOWER

49
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON FLOWER SYMMETRY

A
  1. ACTINOMORPHIC/RADIALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER
  2. ZYGOMORPHIC/BILATERALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER
50
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON FLOWER SYMMETRY
- Flower is divisible on more than one axis into two equal halves that are mirror images of each other

A

ACTINOMORPHIC/RADIALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER

51
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON FLOWER SYMMETRY
- Flower is divisible into mirror images on only one axis

A

ZYGOMORPHIC/BILATERALLY SYMMETRICAL FLOWER

52
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON FLOWER SYMMETRY
- Chichirica (Catharantus roseus)

A

RADIAL/ACTINOMORPHIC

53
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON FLOWER SYMMETRY
- Common Orchid (Dendrobium anosmum)

A

BILATERAL/ZYGOMORPHIC

54
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY

A
  1. HYPOGYNOUS FLOWER
  2. EPIGYNOUS FLOWER
  3. PERIGYNOUS FLOWER
55
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- The sepals and petals are attached below the ovary

A

HYPOGYNOUS FLOWER

56
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- The sepals and petals are attached above the ovary

A

EPIGYNOUS FLOWER

57
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- The sepals, petals, stamen, and ovary lie on the same plane

A

PERIGYNOUS FLOWER

58
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- Above the attachment of the petals, sepals and stamens; also an ovary that is free from the hypanthium

A

SUPERIOR OVARY

59
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE POSITION OF THE OVARY
- Below the attachment of the petals, sepals, and stamens; may have hypanthium adnate on the top of ovary.

A

INFERIOR OVARY

60
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS

A
  1. ADNATION
  2. CONNATION
61
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- Different floral parts are fused

62
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- When same parts are fused
a. Synsepalous flower
b. Synpetalous flower
c. Synandrous flower
d. Syncarpous flower

63
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- Gumamela (Hibiscus rosa sinensis)

A

SYNSEPALOUS

64
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- Angel’s Trumphet (Brugmansia versicolor)

A

SYNPETALOUS

65
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- Daisy (Bellis perennis)

A

SYNANDROUS

66
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE UNION OF THE FLORAL PARTS
- Tulip (Tulipa aucheriana)

A

SYNCARPOUS

67
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF FLORAL PARTS

A
  1. MONOCOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER
  2. DICOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER
68
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF FLORAL PARTS
- Flower parts are in 3’s or in multiple of three

A

MONOCOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER

69
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF FLORAL PARTS
- Flower parts are in 4’s or in 5’s or in multiple of four and five

A

DICOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER

70
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF FLORAL PARTS
- Chichirica (Catharanthus roseus)

A

DICOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER

71
Q

FLOWER STRUCTURE VARIATIONS:
BASED ON THE NUMBER OF FLORAL PARTS
- Common Orchid (Dendrobium anosmum)

A

MONOCOTYLEDONOUS FLOWER

72
Q

The flower terminates the meristematic activity of the vegetative shoot

A

FLOWER DEVELOPMENT/GROWTH

73
Q
  • Environmental factors such as length of day and temperature affect the induction of flowering
A

FLOWER DEVELOPMENT/GROWTH

74
Q
  • Initiation of the floral parts begin with the sepals, followed by the petals, stamens and lastly, the carpels
A

FLOWER DEVELOPMENT/GROWTH

75
Q
  • This usual order of growth may be modified in some certain flowers, floral parts may remain separate during development or become united through connation or adnation.
A

FLOWER DEVELOPMENT/GROWTH

76
Q

FRUIT AND SEED FORMATION:
- A fruit develops from

77
Q

FRUIT AND SEED FORMATION:
- A seed develops from

78
Q

A group or cluster of flowers. It may be branched or unbranched.

A

INFLORESCENCES

79
Q

Usually the modifications have been evolved to optimize the plant’s method of pollen dispersal.

A

INFLORESCENCES

80
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- Flower on individual stem coming off the main stem
- An unbranched, indeterminate inflorescence with pedicellate flowers along the axis

81
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- Type of raceme with flowers that do not have a pedicel

82
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- More strongly and irregularly branched from the top to the bottom and where each branching has a terminal flower

83
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- Type of raceme with a short axis and multiple floral pedicels of equal length that appear to arise from a common point

84
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- Umbels in which the single flowers are replaced by many smaller umbels called UMBELLETS

A

COMMON UMBEL

85
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- A scaly, generally drooping spike or raceme

A

CATKIN (AMENT)

86
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- A spike of flowers densely arranged around it, enclose or accompanied by a highly specialized bracts called a SPATHE

87
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- Annunbranched, indeterminate inflorescence that is flat-topped or convex due to their outer pedicels which are progressively longer than inner ones

88
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- A very contracted raceme in which the single sessile flowers are borne on an enlarged stem

A

COMMON HEAD (CAPITULUM)

89
Q

TYPES OF INFLORESCENCES:
- A flat-topped inflorescence in which the centralnflower opens first, followed by the peripheral flowers

PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY (15 decks)

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