BOTANY LAB: STEM

Question 1

The aerial part of the plant where leaves and reproductive shoots are attached

Answer 1

STEM

Question 2

Function:
- Provides mechanical support to the plant
- Exposes the leaves for photosynthesis
- Positions the reproductive shoots for optimal access to pollinators
- Conducts water and minerals from roots to the leaves

Answer 2

STEM

Question 3

TYPES OF STEM

Answer 3

HERBACEOUS STEMS, WOODY STEMS

Question 4

TYPES OF STEM
- Thin, soft, and green in color except those that grow underground. Also known as Herbs

Answer 4

HERBACEOUS STEMS

Question 5

TYPES OF STEM
- Taller, thicker, and harder than herbaceous stems

Answer 5

WOODY STEMS

Question 6

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM

Answer 6

BUD
TERMINAL BUD
BUD SCALES
TERMINAL BUD SCALE SCARS
LATERAL BUDS/AXILLARY BUDS
LEAF SCAR
LENTICEL
NODE
INTERNODE
BUNDLE SCAR

Question 7

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Growing point of the stem

Answer 7

BUD

Question 8

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Single bud located at the apex of the stem

Answer 8

TERMINAL BUD

Question 9

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Protects and covers the bud

Answer 9

BUD SCALES

Question 10

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Marks leaves on the stem from the previous years which serve as external measure of annual growth

Answer 10

TERMINAL BUD SCALE SCARS

Question 11

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Occur in the leaf axils on the side of a stem

Answer 11

LATERAL BUDS/ AXILLARY BUDS

Question 12

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Mark that leaves on the stem after the leaf falls down

Answer 12

LEAF SCAR

Question 13

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Pores that facilitate gas exchange

Answer 13

LENTICEL

Question 14

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Segment of stem where leaves and lateral buds are attached

Answer 14

NODE

Question 15

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Section of a stem between two nodes

Answer 15

INTERNODE

Question 16

EXTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Used in the identification of the woody plants and it is mark left in the leaf scar from the vascular tissue attachment

Answer 16

BUNDLE SCAR

Question 17

INTERNAL PARTS OF STEM

Answer 17

EPIDERMIS, CORTEX, VASCULAR BUNDLES

Question 18

INTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Outermost layer of the stem and usually functions of waterproof, protect and control gas exchange

Answer 18

EPIDERMIS

Question 19

INTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Lies below the epidermis, it consists of hypodermis, parenchyma cell, and endodermis

Answer 19

CORTEX

Question 20

INTERNAL PARTS OF STEM
- Comprises of phloem and xylem

Answer 20

VASCULAR BUNDLES

Question 21

MODIFIED STEM

Answer 21

RHIZOME, CORMS, STOLONS, RUNNERS, TUBERS, BULB

Question 22

MODIFIED STEM
- Modified stem that grows horizontal underground; it has nodes and internodes

Answer 22

RHIZOME

Question 23

MODIFIED STEM
- Contain stored food that enables some plants to survive the winter

Answer 23

CORMS

Question 24

MODIFIED STEM
- Stems that run almost parallel to the ground, or below the surface, and can give rise to new plants at the nodes

Answer 24

STOLONS

Question 25

MODIFIED STEM
- Type of stolon that runs above the ground and produces new clone plants at nodes at varying intervals

Answer 25

RUNNERS

Question 26

MODIFIED STEM
- Modified stem that may store starch. Arise as swollen ends of stolons, and contain many adventitious or unusual buds

Answer 26

TUBERS

Question 27

MODIFIED STEM
- A modification of a stem that has the appearance of enlarged fleshy leaves emerging from the stem or surrounding the base of the stem

Answer 27

BULB