BOTANY LAB: TISSUES Flashcards
A group of closely associated cells that perform related functions and are similar in structure
TISSUES
Organized into three tissue systems: Dermal tissue system, Ground tissue system, and the Vascular tissue system
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEMS
► Plants are Earth’s Primary Producers
► Harvest Energy from sunlight by converting light energy into
chemical energy
► They store this chemical energy in bonds formed when they synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.
► Non-motile
► Have evolved to grow towards resources throughout their life span.
PLANT STRUCTURE
PLANT STRUCTURE
Vegetative body
- Photosynthesis
LEAF
PLANT STRUCTURE
Vegetative body
- Support
STEM
PLANT STRUCTURE
Vegetative body
- Anchorage and absorption of water and minerals
ROOTS
PLANT STRUCTURE
Vegetative body
- Leaf attached to stem
NODES
PLANT STRUCTURE
Vegetative body
- Region of stem between two nodes
INTERNODE
SHOOT AND ROOT SYSTEMS
- Produces sugars by photosynthesis
- Carries out reproduction
SHOOT SYSTEM
SHOOT AND ROOT SYSTEMS
- Anchors the plant
- Penetrates the soil and absorbs water and minerals
- Stores food
ROOT SYSTEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
GROUND TISSUE SYSTEM
VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM
DERMAL TISSUE SYSTEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Protection, Prevention of water loss
- Epidermis, Periderm (in older stems and roots)
DERMAL TISSUE SYSTEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Photosynthesis, Food storage, Regeneration, Support, Protection
- Parenchyma, Collenchyma, Sclerenchyma
GROUND TISSUE SYSTEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Transport of water and minerals, Transport of food
- Vascular bundles (xylem and phloem)
VASCULAR TISSUE SYSTEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- it protects the soft tissues of plants and controls interactions with the plants’ surroundings
DERMAL TISSUE
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- A dermal tissue that is usually a single layer of cells covering the younger parts of a plant. It secretes a waxy layer called the Cuticle that inhibits water loss.
EPIDERMIS
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- these tissues are involved in photosynthesis, storage, regeneration, support, and protection.
- the 3 types of ground tissue includes parenchyma, collenchyma, and sclerenchyma.
GROUND TISSUE
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- alive at maturity
- have thin cell walls and large vacuoles, and are most abundant of all the cells
- intercellular space is found
- they function in storages, photosynthesis, exchange of gases and as the bulk of ground and vascular tissues, store protein and starch, and for repair
PARENCHYMA
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- specialized for support for primary tissues
- cells are elongated, with walls (especially corners) thickened with pectin and cellulose
- no intercellular space
- makes stems strong but pliable
- cells are alive at maturity
-main function: to provide support for growing tissues, like stem.
COLLENCHYMA
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- supports mature plant parts
- protect many seeds
- cells have thickened lignified walls and are dead at maturity
- main function: to provide support for the plant
- 2 types: Fibers, Sclereids
SCLERENCHYMA
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Long, tapered cells
FIBERS
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Stubbier cells
SCLEREIDS
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- composed of xylem and phloem, which function in the transport of water and dissolved substances
- function: transports material between the root and the shoot of the plant
VASCULAR TISSUE
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Conducts water and dissolved minerals
- Conducting cells are dead and hollow at maturity
XYLEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Transports sugar
- Main conducting cells are sieve-tube members
- Companion cells assists in the loading of sugars
PHLOEM
PLANT TISSUE SYSTEM
- Covers and protects plant surfaces
- Secretes a waxy, waterproof cuticle
- Plants with secondary growth, periderm replaces epidermis
EPIDERMIS
have different stem and root anatomies
DICOTS and MONOCOTS
