module 4 parotitis

Question 1

parotitis

Answer 1

inflammatory reaction of the parotid gland

Question 2

causes of parotitis

Answer 2

bacterial
viral
fungal
mycobacterial

Question 3

Local primary infection of parotid

Answer 3

bacterial sialadenitis

Question 4

systemic infection -> parotid inflammation

Answer 4

paramyxovirus (mumps)
acute suppurative sialadenitis (staph aureus)

Question 5

chronic inflammatory conditions of parotid

Answer 5

mycobacterium tuberculosis
HIV

Question 6

noninfective causes of parotitis

Answer 6

Sjogren syndrome
sarcoidosis

Question 7

Acute suppurative parotitis

Answer 7

bacterial
most likely 60-79 years old
- Rx-induced (anticholinergic/antihistamine)
-> dec. in salivary flow
male more likely
right > left

Question 8

Other factors assoc. with acute suppurative parotitis

Answer 8

chronic illness
- DM
- hypothyroidism
- renal failure
- RA
immunocompromised
poor oral hygiene
salivary duct obstruction
autoimmune disease
- Sjogren syndrome
recent surgical procedure
radiotherapy
hypovolemia

Question 9

parotitis patho

Answer 9

Secretes serous salvia
- lacks lysosomes, immunoglobulin A, sialic acid: bacteriostatic
-> predisposed to great risk of infection
Retrograde migration of oral cavity flora through Stensen duct
Stasis of saliva
Ductal obstruction
Dec. stimulation os saliva
Dec. mastication
Poor oral hygiene

Question 10

parotitis clinical manifestations

Answer 10

rapid onset
- localized pain
- edema
- induration of the infected gland
- fever
- chills
- anorexia
- malaise

Question 11

viral inflammatory parotitis clinical manifestations

Answer 11

edema: usually bilateral
pain: exacerbated by mastication

Question 12

bacterial parotitis clinical manifestations

Answer 12

acute suppurative sialadenitis
hypovolemic
unilateral parotid enlargement and cellulitis
intraoral: pus visualized with manual pressure on parotid duct

Question 13

chronic inflammatory parotitis TB clinical manifestations

Answer 13

enlargement and pain in affected gland
mass usually unilateral
assoc. with matted lymph nodes

Question 14

chronic inflammatory parotitis HIV clinical manifestations

Answer 14

bilaterally enlarged, painless parotid glands
gradually produce smaller amounts of saliva
-> xerostomia

Question 15

parotitis physical exam

Answer 15

bimanual palpation of gland: stensen duct
- Bacterial: elicits suppurative discharge
- Viral: bilateral edema, clear discharge

Question 16

parotitis management

Answer 16

culture and sensitivity
IV antibiotics
fluid and electrolyte replacement
proper oral hygiene
sialagogues

Question 17

Juvenile recurrent parotitis

Answer 17

parotitis in peds population:
- 4mo to 15 years old
recurrent inflammation of parotid gland, unilateral or bilateral

Question 18

Juvenile recurrent parotitis clinical manifestation

Answer 18

inflammation of parotid gland
pain
dec. function of gland
erythema
fever

Question 19

parotitis complications

Answer 19

abscess formation
dec. eating and drinking
-> inc. risk hypovolemia and further compromising pt

Question 20

viral parotitis complications

Answer 20

orchitis
pancreatitis
meningoencephalitis
deafness