Module 1 peds eye disorders Flashcards
derivational amblyopia
obstruction of vision
- ptosis
- cataract
- nystagmus
strabismic amblyopia
caused by strabismus of lazy eye
refractive amblyopia
myopia: nearsigted
hyperopia: far sighted
astigmatism: curvature of the cornea or the lens is uneven
anisometropia: different refractive error in each eye
strabismus
defect in ocular alignment/ position of the eyes in relation to each other
“lazy eye”
phoria strabismus
intermittent deviation in ocular alignment that is held latent by sensory fusion
- can maintain alignment on object but deviation occurs when binocular fusion is disrupted (cover/uncover test)
tropia strabismus
consistent or intermittent deviation in ocular alignment
- unable to maintain alignment on a n object of fixation
- intermittent may happen when tired
- older than 7-9 -> double vision
management of strabismus
> 4mo = referral
- good eye is occluded, forced to use affected eye for at least 2 hours per day
- surgical alignment
- corrective lenses
blepharoptosis
dropping of the upper eyelids affects one or both eyes
- congenital or acquired (trauma, inflammation)
- “one eye bigger than other”
- chin-up head position or raising of brown to compensate in severe cases
nystagmus
involuntary, rhythmic movements in one or both eyes
- congenital (6wks-3mo old) or acquired (later age)
nystagmus can be associated with
albinism
high refractive errors
CNS abnormalities
B12 deficiency
tumors
infection
diseases of inner ear and retina
middle ear trauma
visual loss before 2 years old
pharmacologic toxicity
prematurity
intraventricular hemorrhage
intrauterine psychogenic drug
developmental delay
hydrocephaly
mother with GD
conjunctivitis of the newborn
ophthalmia neonatorum or neonatal blennorrhea
- occurs within the first month of life
- most common cause: chlamydia
clinical findings of ophthalmia neonatorum chemical conjunctivitis
(24-72 hours of life):
- nonpurulent discharge and edematous bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva
clinical findings for chlamydial conjunctivitis
Also called inclusion conjunctivitis
- moderate eyelid swelling
- palpebral or bulbar conjunctival injection
- moderate thick, mucopurulent to bloody discharge
- follicular reaction in the conjunctiva of lower lids (large, round elevations)
- assoc. cervicitis, urethritis, rectal infection
clinical findings for gonorrhoeae conjunctivitis
acute conjunctival inflammation, lid edema, erythema, and excessive purulent discharge
bacterial conjunctivitis clinical findings
conjunctival erythema
purulent discharge
