module 4 disease of salivary gland Flashcards
diseases of salivary gland categories
neoplastic
- benign
- malignant
Nonneoplastic
- infectious
- noninfectious
Salivary gland cancer risk factors
Parotid glands most affected
- radiation to head and neck
- work-related exposure
– silica, nickel, asbestos, rubber manufacturing, woodworking
- diet low in veggies, high in animal fat
noninfectious salivary gland disorders
- recurrent parotitis
- sialolithiasis
- branchial cleft anomalies
- Sjogren syndrome
- xerostomia
- ptyalism
- sialosis
- benign lymphoepithelial lesion of Godwin
Sialectasis
dilation of a salivary duct
- can lead to recurrent parotitis
- can be produced by stone formation or structures
sialolithiasis
salivary gland stones
- higher mucin content of saliva
- antigravity flow of saliva
- stagnant saliva in gland
Sjogren syndrome
autoimmune disorder that affects the salivary glands
Lymphocytic infiltrate with:
- acinar atrophy
- ductal epithelial hyperplasia
- metaplasia
benign lymphoepithelial lesion of Godwin
inflammatory condition found in assoc. with HIV
xerostomia
dry mouth
- diseases
- radiotherapy
- drug therapy
Unilateral or bilateral swelling of salivary gland
ptyalism
excess saliva
- Rx: atropine
Assoc. conditions:
- epilepsy
- cerebral palsy
- rabies
- stomatitis
sialosis
refers to bilaterally recurring salivary gland edema
- acinar cell hypertrophy
- interstitial edema
- striated duct atrophy
Causes of sialosis
Alcoholism
metabolic disorders
vitamin deficiencies
obesity
malnutrition
Rx: cholinergic effects
- phenothiazines
- heavy metals
- thiourea
- iodide
infectious diseases of salivary glands
mumps parotitis
syphilis
HIV
granulomatous diseases
- TB
- sarcoidosis
- cat-scratch disease
- uveoparotid fever
- actinomycosis
sialolithiasis clinical presentation
painful edema of affect gland
- inc. s/s with meal times
- hx recurrent acute suppurative sialadenitis
Sjogren syndrome clinical presentation
women 40-60
xerostomia
abnml taste
keratoconjunctivitis sicca
dry tongue
intermittent swelling of salivary gland
Assoc. with:
- RA
- polyarteritis nodosa
- lupus
Benign lymphoepithelial lesion of godwin clinical presentation
bilateral salivary gland cysts
infectious diseases of salivary glands clinical presentation
rapid onset of colicky pain with meals
edema/inflammation
induration of the affect gland
malaise
chills
tender, swollen gland
tender lymphadenopathy
sialolithiasis physical exam
- stone may be palpated in submandibular duct
- parotid stones may be notied at the orfice of Stensen duct
viral infections clinical manifestation
bilaterally and painfully enlarged gland
difficulty opening the jaws (trismus)
Management of non-infectious salivary gland disorders
pain management
hydration
Sialolithiasis management
warm compresses
analgesics
fluid and electrolytes
surgical removal
sialagogues
- stimulate production and flow of saliva
–lemon balls, chewing gum
sjogren syndrome management
treated symptomatically
- local and systemic therapy
viral infection of salivary gland management
conservative therapy
- hydration
- rest
complications of salivary gland diseases
recurrent bouts of gland swelling
pain
stone formation
xerostomia -> dental caries
Infectious -> sepsis
Mumps complications
encephalitis
orchitis
meningitis
cochleitis
