module 1 s/s of ocular disease Flashcards
red eye
hyperemia of the conjunctiva or sclera
most common causes of red eye
conjunctivitis
episcleritis
scleritis
episcleritis
inflammatory condition of the covering of the sclera
- self-limiting
sectoral inflammation
feeling of foreign body
scleritis
inflammation of the sclera
- often related to underlying autoimmune disorder
- RA
uveal tract
iris
ciliary body
choriod
uveitis
inflammation of any of the 3 layers of uveal tract
- iris
- ciliary body
- choroid
3rd leading cause of blindness
Related to autoimmune disorders
iritis
inflammation of the anterior uveal tract
- iris and ciliary body
- idiopathic OR
- develop in response to conjunctivitis, keratitis, eye trauma
visual disturbances
dec. central or peripheral vision
metamorphopsia
photopsia
vitreous opacities (floaters)
metamorphopsia
distorted images
- can be seen with macular degeneration and other conditions
photopsia
light flashes
- can be seen with retinal problems or cortical stimulation (migraine or occipital epilepsy)
- can indicate a retinal tear or posterior vitreous detachment with retinal traction
Amaurosis fugax
transient, unilateral episode of vision loss
- small embolic plaques
- focal pattern of visual field loss that progresses to diffuse to total loss of vision
- can last seconds to minutes
eye pain
any condition that stimulate the pain Rc in
- eyelids
- cornea
- conjunctiva
- uveal tract
Inflammation of eye can cause
irritation
burning
discomfort
frank pain
pain may occur with other ocular symptoms
dec. visual acuity
photophobia
ocular discharge
eyelid edema/erythema
ptosis
proptosis
corneal cloudiness
epiphora
excessive tearing
mucopurulent conjunctivitis
pus in the conjunctival sac
- lashes stick together
viral conjunctivitis
profuse watery discharge with a burning or gritty sensation and pain
allergic conjunctivitis
pruritis with discharge varying from watery to a stringy, mucus-like consistency
Differential dx red eye, no pain, no vision loss
conjunctivitis
subconjunctival hemorrhage
episcleritis
Differential dx red eye, pain, no vision loss
episcleritis
keratitis
cluster headache
corneal abrasion
corneal ulcer
differential dx red eye, pain, vision loss
iritis
glaucoma
orbital cellulitis
scleritis
corneal abrasion
corneal ulcer
keratitis
episcleritis s/s
- bilateral mild stinging
-peripheral injections - no discharge
- no visual impairment
- tearing and photophobia possible
scleritis s/s
- unilateral
- pain: boring sensation
- ciliary injection
- tearing
- painful to palpation
- visual acuity can be affected
iritis s/s
- unilateral
- pain moderate and aching
- vision dec.
- minimal discharge
- affected pupil smaller, cornea normal
- central redness of eye with ciliary flush
- pain in affected eye when light shown in unaffected eye
posterior uveitis/ choroiditis
inflammation of the posterior uveal tract: choroid, blood vessels, CT
- s/s similar to iritis but pain is at back of eye