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BMSC 210 > Module 3 > Flashcards

Module 3 Flashcards

1
Q

what is catabolism

A

breaking things to obtain energy

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2
Q

what is anabolism

A

building things - requires energy

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3
Q

what is a heterotroph

A

something that gets their carbon from organic compounds

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4
Q

what is an autotroph

A

something that gets their carbon from CO2

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5
Q

what do enzymes lower

A

activation energy

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6
Q

what’s the most effective ay for bacteria to generate energy

A

respiration

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7
Q

whats the most efficient producer of ATP and energy

A

aerobic respiration

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8
Q

what is the ONLY final electron acceptor for aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen

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9
Q

what does fermentation break down

A

organic compounds

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10
Q

does fermentation require oxygen?

A

no, but it is fine with it

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11
Q

what are the end goals of fermentation?

A

substrate level phosphorylation
regeneration of NAD+
ATP synthesis

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12
Q

why is fermentation different than respiration?

A

there is no respiratory chain - no outside acceptor molecule

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13
Q

what’s it called to produce 1 fermentation product?

A

homofermentation

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14
Q

what’s its called to produce 2 different fermentation products

A

heterofermentation

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15
Q

what is needed for fermentation to occur

A

an organic electron donor + acceptor

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16
Q

what are the 3 types of phosphorylation?

A

substrate level phosphorylation
photophosphorylation
oxidative phosphorylation

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17
Q

what is nitrogen fixation

A

using atmospheric Nitrogen to create organic nitrogen

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18
Q

what does the citric acid cycle do?

A

fixes CO2

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19
Q

can bacteria and archaea fix nitrogen themselves

A

yes

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20
Q

what is elongation?

A

bacteria will get longer \

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21
Q

what is segregation?

A

long cell with chromosomes at opposite poles

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22
Q

what is a z ring formation?

A

to create the septum - it is a complex protein around the circumferance

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23
Q

what are the steps of biofilm formation

A

attachment
growth
maturation
detachment

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24
Q

is microscopy total cell count or viable?

A

total cell count

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25
Q

Coulter counter total cell count or viable?

A

total cell count

26
Q

dilution / plating total cell count or viable?

A

viable !

27
Q

what does CFU stand for ?

A

colony forming units

28
Q

when do counts show up as CFU?

A

during viable counts

29
Q

most probable number total cell count or viable?

A

viable but not as good

30
Q

turbidimetric total cell count or viable?

A

total cell count

31
Q

what happens in the log phase?

A

cells getting ready

32
Q

what happens in the Lag phase?

A

rapid increase in number of living bacterial cells

33
Q

what happens in the stationary phase?

A

rate of cell division and death is pretty much equal

34
Q

what happens in the death phase?

A

major death rates in bacterial cells

35
Q

auxotroph

A

requires certain things because it doesn’t make them

36
Q

phototroph

A

self sufficient (they good at making their own stuff)

37
Q

eutrophs

A

grow in high levels of nutrients

38
Q

oligotrophy

A

require low levels of nutrients to grow

39
Q

defined media

A

know exactly what went in

40
Q

complexed medium

A

composition is unknown

41
Q

minimal medium

A

just meets the requirements

42
Q

selective medium

A

restricts groet or unfavourable and favours growth of desirables

43
Q

differential medium

A

distinguishes 2 types

44
Q

obligate aerobes

A

aerobic respiration only

45
Q

obligate anaerobes

A

anaerobic resp or fermentation

46
Q

facultative anaerobes

A

anaerobic reps and fermentation

47
Q

aerotolerant anaerobes

A

fermentation

48
Q

microaerophiles

A

aerobic respiration

49
Q

what does oxygen lead to

A

Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

50
Q

psychrophile

A

cold loving (-10-15)

51
Q

mesophile

A

medium ones (10 -50)

52
Q

thermophile

A

love warmth (40-85)

53
Q

hyperthermophile

A

love SUPER hot (65-110)

54
Q

acidophile

A

ph 1-5 (like acidic)

55
Q

neutrophile

A

ph 5-9

56
Q

alkaliphile

A

ph 7-12 (like basic)

57
Q

non halophiles

A

don’t like salt much (0-0.3)

58
Q

halotolerants

A

prefer lower levels of salt but are fine with higher (0.3-0.8)ha

59
Q

halophiles

A

need high salt (0.8-3.4)

60
Q

Extreme halophile

A

Need tons of salt (3.4 - 5.1)

BMSC 210 (10 decks)

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