Module 2.5 HIV/AIDS Flashcards
Original name of HIV
1981 - Discovered (GRIDS)
Gay Related Immune Deficiency Syndrome.
Virus was discovered in 1984
Renamed HIV in 1986
What kind of virus is HIV-1 and HIV-2
Retrovirus
Retrovirus mechanism
vRNA must be converted to DNA (reverse transcriptase) and transcribed back to RNA
HIV infects
CD4+ T Cells (helper), Macrophages, Dendritic Cells
HIV spreads through
Sexual Contact
Blood Exposure
in Utero/Delivery/breast milk
Categories of HIV by T-cell count
Category 1: >500 cells/ul
Category 2: 200-499 cells/ul
Category 3: <200 cells/ul
Clinical Categories of HIV
A: Asymptomatic or Persistant generalized lymphadenopathy. (PGL)
B: Symptoms of immune deficiency but not enough to be AIDS defining.
C. AIDS defining illness.
To be diagnosed with AIDS you must be in
Category 3 or C
Functions of CD4 T cells
Recognize foreign antigens
Activates antibody producing B-Cell
Influences Phagocytic Function of monocytes/macrophages
Orchestrates cell mediated immunity
3 phases of HIV Infection
Primary infection phase
Chronic asymptomatic/Latency phase
Overt AIDS phase
Primary infection phase of HIV
Mononucleosis-like illness. Very nonspecific symptoms
Chronic asymptomatic/Latency phase of HIV
No symptoms
May last around 10 years
May have lymphadenopathy (swollen LN’s)
Overt AIDS phase of HIV
CD4 T cell count under 200
Death in 2-3 years WITHOUT therapy
Characteristics of AIDS
Profound Immunosuppression Opportunistic infections CNS Degeneration Wasting Malignancies
Typical progressors
60-70% aquire AIDS in 10-11 yrs
