Module 1 Unit 1 - Activity Tolerance and Fatigue

Question 1

Fatigue

Answer 1

perceived lack of sufficient energy for full engagement in physical activity

Question 2

Aerobic/Endurance exercise

Answer 2

Change in muscle length
DOES NOT BUILD MUSCLE MASS
Increases cardiac and respiratory efficiency.
Can do more work with less Cardiac/Resp. effort.

Question 3

Isometric/Resistance Exercise

Answer 3

Muscles contract against immovable force. No length change.

BUILDS MUSCLE MASS

Question 4

Effects of exercise on LDL’s

Answer 4

Lowers them. LDL bad.

Question 5

Effects of exercise on HDL’s

Answer 5

Increases them. HDL good.

Question 6

Cardiac output change during exercise

Answer 6

4-8 L/min > 15-20 L/min

Question 7

How do active skeletal muscles use local control to direct more blood flow to themselves?

Answer 7

release of lactic acid produced in anaerobic cell respiration causes local vasodilation which increases blood/O2 supply to that muscle.

Question 8

BP changes during exercise

Answer 8

Systolic can increase significantly, diastolic less so

Question 9

Aerobic Exercise induces vasoconstriction via the sympathetic NS. What parts of the body do not experience this?

Answer 9

The Brain, Coronary vessels, the active skeletal muscles.

Question 10

During isometric activity, what is the increase in HR and Cardiac output proportional to?

Answer 10

The activity of medium muscles

Question 11

CV effects of isometric exercise

Answer 11

Increased blood flow, vasodilation, inhibition of platelet activation, increased fibrinolysis

Question 12

What controls the Respiratory Resonse to exercise?

Answer 12

Chemoreceptors in the brain stem, aorta, and carotid arteries monitoring pH and CO2

Question 13

Type 1 Fibers

Answer 13

Red (dark) Fibers. Slow Twitch. Perform low intensity, high endurance tasks

Question 14

Type 2 Fibers

Answer 14

White (light) Fibers. Fast Twitch. High intensity quick fatigue. high glycolytic activity. less mitochondria and myoglobin. Heavier reliance on anaerobic respiration

Question 15

GI benefits of regular exercise

Answer 15

increased gastric emptying
Lower risk of:
Colon cancer
Diverticulitis
GI hemorrhage
IBD

Question 16

Benefit of regular strenuous exercise

Answer 16

slows coagulation

Question 17

benefit of regular moderate exercise

Answer 17

stimulates immune system, increased circulating WBC’s

reduces anxiety and increases self esteem

Question 18

Consequence of chronic strenuous exercise

Answer 18

May depress innate immune defenses

elite athletes more susceptible to upper respiratory infections (URI’s)

Question 19

Effects of exercise on Maximal Oxygen Intake (VO2 Max)

Answer 19

Can be improved but not exceeded.

Question 20

Acute Fatigue

Answer 20

< 4 weeks
May be a protective mechanism for the body.
Associated with bacterial/viral infections
May need assistive devices temporarily
Fatigue disproportional to activity performed

Question 21

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Answer 21

Present for 50% of day or lasting 1-6 months or longer.

NOT PROTECTIVE

Question 22

Causes of ME/CFS

Answer 22

Hypothyroidism, Anemia, Heard disease, lyme disease, fibromyalgia, lung disease, TB, Cance, etc.

Question 23

Psychosocial issues with ME/CFS

Answer 23

Interferes with employment and ADL’s
Depression
Generally poor QoL

Question 24

Diagnostic Criteria for ME/CFS

Answer 24

Must have at least 4 of the following:
Impaired memory or concentration
Sore Throat
Tender Cervical or Axillary lymph nodes
Muscle Pain
Multijoint pain w/o swelling or redness
Headaches
Non-refreshing sleep
Post exertional malaise lasting > 24hrs

See notes app for more accurate version

Question 25

Virchow’s Triad

Answer 25

Venous Stasis
Hypercoagulability
Vessel Injury

Question 26

First 3 days of bedrest

Answer 26

increased diuresis

Question 27

Days 4-7 of bedrest

Answer 27

Hypercoagulability (fluid loss > concentrated clotting factors)
decreased cardiac output
decreased metabolic rate

Question 28

Days 8-14 of bedrest

Answer 28

Decreased Red Cell mass

Decreased White Cell function

Question 29

15 days of bedrest

Answer 29

Osteoporosis and Hypercalciuria

Question 30

REVIEW SYSTEMIC RESPONSES TO BEDREST BEFORE EXAM

Answer 30

REVIEW SYSTEMIC RESPONSES TO BEDREST BEFORE EXAM