Module 1 Unit 1 - Stress and Adaptation

Question 1

3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)

Answer 1

Alarm Stage
Resistance Stage
Exhaustion Stage

Question 2

Alarm Stage

Answer 2

General stimulation of HPA and sympathetic NS. Results in release of Catecholemines and cortisol

Question 3

Resistance Stage

Answer 3

Body selects most effective channels of defense. Cortisol levels from alarm stage begin to drop.

Question 4

Exhaustion Stage

Answer 4

Resistance continued too long. Resources depleted. Wear and tear, systemic damage evident.

Question 5

Types of stressors

Answer 5

Eustress and Distress

Question 6

Eustress

Answer 6

mild, brief, controllable. May be perceived as positive stimuli.

Question 7

Distress

Answer 7

Severe, protracted, uncontrolled. Can be physical or psychological. Disruptive to health

Question 8

Seyle’s Definition of Stress

Answer 8

A state manifested by a specific syndrome of the body developed in response to any stimuli that made an intense systemic demand on it.

Question 9

Physiologic Reserve

Answer 9

ability of body systems to increase their function to adapt to needs. EX: increase in RBC’s, liver cells, nutrient storage, etc.

Question 10

Anatomic reserve

Answer 10

Paired organs where both of the pair are not needed in order to maintain homeostasis. Kidneys, lungs, adrenals

Question 11

3 Characteristics of PTSD

Answer 11

Intrusion, Avoidance, Hyperarousal

Question 12

Intrusion (PTSD)

Answer 12

Flashbacks during waking hours or nightmares of reliving the causal event.

Question 13

Avoidance (PTSD)

Answer 13

Emotional Numbing, disrupts important relationships

Question 14

Hyperarousal (PTSD)

Answer 14

increased irritability, difficulty concentrating, exaggerated startle reflex, increased vigilance/concern

Question 15

Allostasis

Answer 15

Physiologic changes in the neuroendocrine, autonomic, and immune systems in response to real or perceived stressors