Module 2-Chemistry of Life Flashcards
What is matter?
Matter is weight or mass that takes up space
What are atoms?
particles that make elements
What is an element?
1 thing or one substance that cant be broken down or decomposed into two or more substances
What is a compound?
2 or more elements combined together
What are atoms made of?
Protons which carry a positive charge, electrons which carry a negative charge and neutrons which carry neither positive or negative charge.
What is catabolism and does it release energy?
the breaking down of complex compounds into simpler ones. This releases energy
What is ATP?
ATP is the main source for cellular reactions and its also the main source of energy for cells
What is a solution?
a mixture of two or more substances that stays evenly mixed
What is a solute and solvent?
Solutes are small particles and a solvent is a liquid
Solutions with a pH greater than 7 are
bases
Solutions with a pH less than 7 are
acids
what is the normal pH range for humans?
7.35 to 7.45
What are the 4 groups of organic compounds?
Proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids
What is the body’s main source of energy?
Carbohydrates
what are the four functions of lipids?
being reserve supply of energy, provides structure to the cells, insualting nerves, serves as vitamins and acts as a cushion to protect organs
What are proteins made up of?
amino acids
what is the most important organic compound in the body?
proteins
Describe how ATP releases energy
ATP has 3 phosphates. When ATP loses a phosphate, energy is released to fuel cells and the body. When ADP gains a phosphate, energy is stored and used for later
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
What does ADP stand for?
Adenosine Diphosphate
