Module 1-Organization of the Human Body Flashcards
What is anatomy
The structure of the body
What is Physiology
How the body functions
What is organization of the body
- Atoms
- Molecules
- Organelles
- Cells
- Tissues
- Organs
- Organ Systems
- Human Organisms
What are the smallest living units that make up the body’s structure?
Cells
How many Organ Systems are there?
11
What are the Organ Systems?
- Integumentary System
- Skeletal System
- Muscular System
- Lymphatic System
- Respiratory System
- Urinary System
- Nervous System
- Endocrine System
- Circulatory System
- Digestive System
- Reproductive System
What are the anatomical terms?
Anterior= front of the body
Posterior= back of the body
Superior= above, towards the head
Inferior= below, towards the feet
What is medial?
Medial is toward the midline
What is midline?
The midline is the middle of the body
What is lateral?
Lateral= away from the midline and towards the sides
What is superficial
the outside surface of the body
What is deep?
Deep is the inside of the body
What is the saggital plane?
The Sagittal plane cuts the body to left and right sides
What is Transverse Plane?
Transverse is across
What is the Anatomical Position?
Standing up straight, head faced forward, arms by side with palms forward and feet flat on the ground with toes facing forward
What is the main function of the body’s cavities?
It protects and and houses internal organs
How many cavities is the body divided to?
It is divided to ventral and dorsal cavities. Ventral is further to the front and dorsal is further to the back.
How many cavities does the dorsal have and what does it do?
The dorsal has two cavities which is the cranial cavity which houses the brain and the spinal cavity which houses the spinal cord.
How many cavities does the ventral have and what are they?
The ventral is divided into two separate cavities which is the thoracic cavity and the abdominopelvic cavity.
what is the main functions of the integumentary system and what does it consists of?
this consists of hair, skin, and nails
Functions: protection,temperature regulation, sensation, water retention
What does the skeletal system consist of and what is the main functions?
it consists of the bones, cartilage, and ligaments.
Functions: protection of the body organs, support, movement and blood formation
What does the muscular system consists of and what are the functions?
it consists primarily the skeletal muscles.
Functions: movement, posture, heat production
What does the lymphatic system consists of and what is the main functions?
It consists of the lymph nodes, lymphatic vessles, lymph thymus, spleen and tonsils.
Functions:
- Role in fluid balance
- Production of immune cells
-Defense against disease
What does the respiratory system consists of and what is the functions?
It consists of the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs
Functions
- Absorption of oxygen
- Discharge of carbon dioxide
-Acid-Base Balance
- Speeh
What does the urinary system consists of and what is the functions?
consists of the kidney, urterus, urinary bladder and urethra
Functions:
- excretion of wastes
- regulation of blood volume and pressure
-control of fluid
What does the nervous system consists of and what is the main functions?
it consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and sense organs.
Functions
- control, regulation, and coordination of other systems
-Sensation
- Memory
What does the endocrine system consists of and what is the main functions?
it consists of the pituitary gland, adrenals, pancreas, thyroid, parathyroid and other organs
- functions
- Hormone Production
-Control and regulation of other systems
What does the circulatory system consists of and what is the main functions?
it consists of the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Functions
- Distribution of oxygen, nutrients, wastes, hormones, electrolytes, immune cells and antibodies
- Fluid electrolyte, and acid and base balance
What does the digestive system consists of and what is the main functions?
It consists of the stomach, small, and large intestines, esophagus, liver, mouth, and pancreas
Functions
- Breakdown and absorption of nutrients
- Elimination of wastes
What does the male reproductive system consists of and what is the main functions?
It consists of the testes, vas deferens, prostate, seminal vesicles and penis.
Functions
- production and delivery of sperm
- Secretion of sex hormones
What dos the female reproductive system consists of and what is the main functions?
It consists of the ovaries, fallopian tube, uterus, vagina and breasts
Functions
- production of eggs
- site of fertilization and fetal development
- Birth
-Secretion of sex hormones
what is divides the body lengthwise into anferior and inferior portions?
Frontal plane
what is an organ?
Organs are structures of two or more tissue types that work together to carry out a particular function
What is an organ system?
Organs that work together to serve a common purpose
