MODULE 2 Flashcards
The principal ingredients and their derivatives are
derived from biological drugs, either synthetically
or semi-synthetically manufactured.
a. Crude Drugs
b. Drug constituents
c. Natural Products
d. Biologics
Drug constituents
A procedure for extraction in which the sample is
immersed in solvent for extended amount of time.
a. Infusion
b. Decoction
c. Digestion
d. Maceration
Maceration
The identity of the constituents vary according to
the stage of development of the plant.
a. Heredity
b. Ontogeny
c. Environmental Factors
d. AOTA
Ontogeny
The symbiotic connection that exists between
plants and animal
a. Morphology
b. Тахonomy
c. Phylogeny
d. Pharmacology
Phylogeny
A technique for assessing medications necessary
for researching adulterants in powdered
pharmaceuticals and for identifying powdered
drug.
a. Organoleptic
b. Microscopic
c. Pharmacologic
d. Chemical
Microscopic
It is formed when skimmed milk is treated with
rennin.
a. Cheese
b. Whey
c. Kumyss
d. Coagulum
Coagulum
Lactulose is metabolized into these acids, which
produce irritating and laxative effects.
a. Acetic & lactic acid
b. Citric & acetic acid
c. Lactic & citric acid
d. NOTA
Acetic & lactic acid
It is the action of nitric and sulfuric acids on
cotton.
a. Methylcellulose
b. Pyroxylin
c. Insoluble Guncotton
d. B and C
Pyroxylin
The scientific name of ponkan.
a. Citrus sinensis
b. Citrus nobilis
c. Citrus grandis
d. Citrus limon
Citrus sinensis
The following is/are true about tartaric acid,
except?
a. By-product of the wine industry
b. Treatment of metabolic acidosis
c. Dicarboxylic acid
d. NOTA
Treatment of metabolic acidosis
Hydrolyze to form acrinyl isothiocyanate.
a. Sinigrin
b. Sinalpin
c. Sinalbin
d. Gluconapin
Sinalbin
Type of saponin glycosides that possess
triterpenoid structures.
a. Acid saponins
b. Basic saponins
c. Neutral saponins
d. Cationic saponins
Acid saponins
They are antagonistic to potassium and if a
person is low in potassium, they will be more
likely intoxicated.
a. Saponin glycosides
b. Cardiac glycosides
c. Anthraquinone glycosides
d. Cyanogenic glycosides
Cardiac glycosides
Myrosin hydrolyzes sinalbin to form ally
isothiocyanate. Emulsin hydrolyzes sinigrin to
form acrinyl isothiocyanate.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Neither of the statements are correct
Cardiac glycosides occur as glycosides with
sugars attached at the C17 of the steroid nucleus
and a lactone ring at C3. It increases the force of
systolic contraction and decreases the heart rate
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Statement two is correct
It is a membrane prepared from the intestine of
the ox that behaves similarly to an untanned hide.
a. Phenazone
b. Gelatin
c. Goldbeater’s skin
d. Tannic acid
Goldbeater’s skin
These are red colored compounds that results
from the treatment of condensed tannins with
hydrolytic agents.
a. Pseudotannins
b. Anthocyanidins
c. Catechol Tannins
d. Phlobaphenes
Phlobaphenes
The following is/are true about pyrogallol tannins,
except?
a. consist of gallic acid esterified with
glucose
b. readily hydrolyze to yield phenolic acids &
sugar /
c. gives blue-black color with FeCI3 reagent
d. NOTA
NOTA
The following is/are true about condensed
tannins, except?
a. contain only phenolic nuclei
b. convert animal hides to bloom leather
c. gives blue-green color with FeCI3 reagent
d. NOTA
convert animal hides to bloom leather
The following is/are properties of tannins, except?
a. precipitate solutions of gelatin & alkaloids
b. form colloidal solution with water
c. crystallizable
d. NOTA
crystallizable
Rancidity of lipids of lipid-rich foodstuff is because
of?
a. Reduction of fatty acids
b. Hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids
c. Dehydrogenation of saturated fatty acids
d. Oxidation of fatty acids
Oxidation of fatty acids
This is an example of waxes which is a desirable
ingredient in cold creams?
a. Copernicia prunifera
b. Apis mellifera
c. Simmondsia chinensis
d. Physeter macrocephalus
Physeter macrocephalus
Most fats are liquid at room temperature except cocoa butter. Most fixed oils are solid at room temperature except cod liver oil.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Neither of the statements are correct
Prostaglandin E2 is used as palliative therapy to
temporarily maintain neonates with patent ductus
arteriosus and congenital heart defects.
Alprostadil stimulates intestinal and uterine
smooth muscle.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Statement two is correct
The following is/are properties of fats and oils,
except?
a. Do not leave a permanent spot
b. Heavier than water
c. Insoluble in benzene
d. All of the given choices
All of the given choices
The following is/are properties of volatile oils,
except?
a. Can be distilled from their natural source
b. Can be saponified by alkalies
c. Do not leave permanent grease on paper
d. None of the given choices
Can be saponified by alkalies
Phenylpropanoids contain the C6 phenyl ring with
attached C3 propane side chain. Many of the
phenylpropanoids found in volatile oils are
hydrocarbons and ether.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Statement one is correct
What is the functional group present in this volatile?
a. Alcohol
b. Aldehyde
c. Phenol
d. Hydrocarbon
Aldehyde
What is the functional group present in this
volatile?
a. Aldehyde
b. Ketone
c. Alcohol
d. Phenol
Phenol
What is the functional group present in this volatile?
a. Ketone
b. Ester
c. Hydrocarbon
d. Ether
Hydrocarbon
It is used to distinguish the bitterness of some
quinine containing preparations
a. Eriodictyon californicum
b. Exogonium purga
c. Pistacia lentiscus
d. Zingiber officinale
Eriodictyon californicum
Positive result for abietic acid.
a. Green color
b. Greenish blue
c. Pink color
d. Purple color
Green color
Collection of fossil resins
a. Copal resin
b. Guaiac resin
c. Jalap resin
d. Mastic
Copal resin
Resinotannols do not give tannin reaction with Fe
salts. Resin phenols combine with simple
aromatic acids will form esters.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
c. Either of the statements are correct
d. Neither of the statements are correct
Neither of the statements are correct
Asafetida is a homogenous mixture of gum and
oleoresin. Turpentine is a resin in glycosidal
combinations.
a. Statement one is correct
b. Statement two is correct
Statement one is correct
Which of these enzymes is in your saliva and
helps to break down carbohydrates into sugars?
a. Sucrase
b. Galactose
c. Fructose
d. Amylase
Amylase
To which class of biological compounds do enzymes belong?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Lipids
c. Proteins
d. Nucleic acids
Proteins
This Vitamin D deficiency is characterized by
softening of the bones.
a. Osteoarthritis
b. Osteoporosis
c. Osteomalacia
d. Osteopenia
Osteomalacia
This Vitamin A deficiency is characterized by
drying of the eyes.
a. Bitot’s spots
b. Xerosis
c. Xerophthalmia
d. Nyctalopia
Xerophthalmia
One of the main roles of his vitamin is to facilitate
Calcium and Phosphorus absorption.
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin D
c. Vitamin E
d. Vitamin K
Vitamin D
What is this type of alkaloid.
a. True alkaloids
b. Proto alkaloids
c. Pseudo alkaloids
d. False alkaloids
Proto alkaloids
What is the classification of this structure?
a. Tropane
b. Indole
c. Alkaloidal Amines
d. Quinoline
Quinoline
It is a centrally acting analgesic that is most
important opium alkaloid
Alkaloidal Precipitants
I. Marme’s Reagent - Potassium -
Cadmium-Iodide
II. Dragendorff’s Reagent - Potassium -
Bismuth - Iodide
III. Mayer’s Reagent - Mercuric - Potassium -
Iodide
IV. Wagner’s Reagent - Potassium Iodide
a. One statement is correct
b. Two statements are correct
c. Three statements are correct
d. All statements are correct
Three statements are correct
Pharmacologic action of Alkaloids
I. Central stimulants - Strychnine
II. Mydriatics - Pilocarpine
III. Miotics - Atropine
IV. Hypotensive - Ephedrine
a. One statement is correct
b. Two statements are correct
c. Three statements are correct
d. All statements are correct
One statement is correct
Odd one out
a. Bawang - Allium sativum
b. Akapulko - Fabaceae
c. Bayabas - Astringent
d. Yerba Buena - Alibhon
Yerba Buena - Alibhon
What is the family of this plant?
a. Cucurbitaceae
b. Liliaceae
c. Combretaceae
d. boraginaceae
Combretaceae
What is the therapeutic use of Quisqualis indica?
a. Antifungal
b. Anthelmintic
c. Diuretic
d. anti-inflammatory
Anthelmintic
What is the family of Vitex negundo?
a. Lamiaceae
b. Asteraceae
c. Liliaceae
d. Myrtaceae
Lamiaceae
Odd one out
a. Cassia alata - Fabaceae
b. Peperomia pellucida - Piperaceae
c. Blumea balsamifera - Asteraceae
d. Mentha arvensis - Liliaceae
Mentha arvensis - Liliaceae
Type of lipid that can stabilize & disperse
water-insoluble materials in aqueous solution
a. Messenger Lipids
b. Emulsification Lipids
c. Energy storage Lipids
d. Membrane Lipids
Emulsification Lipids
Component of the lipid bilayer that can restrict the
movement of the fatty acid chains due to its
compact shape:
a. Unsaturated fatty acids
b. Proteins
c. Cholesterol
d. All of the given choices
Cholesterol
A molecules that can cross the cell membrane
without the use of energy but with the help of
membrane proteins
a. Ethanol
b. Chloride ion
c. Urea
d. Potassium ion
Chloride ion
Living animals are able to keep fats in a
semi-solid form due to its “warmer” body
temperature. Fats have high melting points as it is
mostly composed of saturated fatty acids.
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is
correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Both statements are correct
Sphingoglycolipids and Sphingophospholipids are
present in the myelin sheath. High density
lipoprotein carries cholesterol from the liver to the
tissues.
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect.Statement 2 is
correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
Is a globular protein usually involved in the
transport of oxygen in the blood
a. Hemoglobin
b. Myoglobin
c. Transferrin
d. Myosin
e. Fibrin
Hemoglobin
An achiral amino acid considered as the simplest
amino acid
a. Gin
b. Gly
c. Glu
d. Lys
Gly
In infants, a bleeding mucous membrane is a
symptom exhibited by:
a. Osteogenesis imperfecta
b. Ehler’s Danlos Syndrome
c. Marasmus
d. Kwashiorkor
e. Barlow’s Disease
Barlow’s Disease
Lipids are homogenous organic compounds that
are soluble in non-polar solvents. In general,
lipids are mostly made up of hydrocarbons
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2
is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2
is correct
The following are saturated fatty acids, except:
a. Stearic Acid
b. Lauric Acid
c. Arachidic Acid
d. None of the given choices
None of the given choices
Known as the most abundant type of lipid in the
body:
a. Triacylglycerols
b. Cholesterol
c. Phospholipids
d. Cerebrosides
Triacylglycerols
The most a bundant membrane lipid:
a. Glycerophospholipid
b. Phospholipid
c. Sphingophospholipid
d. Sphingoglycolipid
e. Cholesterol
Phospholipid
What is the type of designation for this FA?
a. Monounsaturated
b. Polyunsaturated
c. Saturated
Polyunsaturated
On the basis of carbon chain length & degree of
unsaturation, what is the numerical shorthand
designation for this FA?
a. 22:6
b. 18:6
c. 16:6
d. 20:6
22:6
To which omega family does this fatty acid belong
to?
a. Omega 3
b. Omega 6
c. Omega 7
d. Omega 9
Omega 3
Amino acid that contains a side chain that bears a
positive charge
a. K
b. Q: Glutamine
c. D: Aspartic acid
d. W
K
A stabilizing reaction found in the tertiary structure
commonly seen in compounds that contain phenyl
rings.
a. Hydrogen Bonds
b. Electrostatic interactions
c. Hydrophobic interactions
d. Covalent disulfide bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
Provide protective coating for organs
a. Collagen
b. Transferrin
c. Silk fibroin
d. Insulin
e. Keratin
Keratin
Also known as Beta-Keratin
a. Collagen
b. Transferrin
c. Silk fibroin
d. Insulin
e. Keratin
Silk fibroin
Involved in iron transport in blood
a. Collagen
b. Transferrin
c. Silk fibroin
d. Insulin
e. Keratin
Transferrin
Most abundant protein in the human body
a. Collagen
b. Transferrin
c. Silk fibroin
d. Insulin
e. Keratin
Collagen
Regulatory hormone for controlling glucose
metabolism
a. Collagen
b. Transferrin
c. Silk fibroin
d. Insulin
e. Keratin
Insulin
Enzyme inhibitor that copies the characteristics of
the substrate and occupies the enzyme’s active
site:
a. Noncompetitive Inhibitor
b. Competitive inhibitor
c. Irreversible Inhibitor
d. Both B & C
Competitive inhibitor
Turnover number is the number of substrate
molecules transformed per minute by one
molecule of enzyme. An increase in enzyme
concentration also increases the reaction rate.
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is
correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Both statements are correct
Vitamin A participates in the reproduction and
growth of both men & women. Vitamin A
combines with rhodopsin to form the visual
pigment opsin which converts light energy into
nerve impulses.
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is
correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is
incorrect
An irreversible inhibitor attaches to the enzyme’s allosteric site which distorts the shape of the active site. Competitive inhibitors directly blocks the enzymes active site and imitates all the characteristics of the incoming substrate.
a. Statement 1 is correct. Statement 2 is incorrect
b. Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2 is correct
c. Both statements are correct
d. Both statements are incorrect
Statement 1 is incorrect. Statement 2
is correct
Enzyme used as a diagnostic tool for detecting
possible muscle damage:
a. Asparate Transaminase
b. Alkaline Phosphatase
c. Lactate Dehydrogenase
d. Gamma-glutamyl Transpeptidase
Asparate Transaminase
Which statement best describes what happens to
enzyme activity when there is an increase in
substrate concentration?
a. Reaction rate increases due to the
increase of substrates
b. Reaction rate increases as incoming
substrates must wait for an enzyme
active site
c. Reaction rate is not affected by the
increase of substrate concentration
d. Reaction rate decreases as all
enzymes are fully occupied
Reaction rate decreases as all
enzymes are fully occupied
Which of the following can stimulate
glycogenolysis?
a. Glucagon & Epinephrine
b. Glucagon & Norepinephrine
c. Insulin & Epinephrine
d. Insulin & Norepinephrine
Glucagon & Epinephrine
The following are chiral sugars, except:
a. Glucose
b. Dihydroxyacetone
c. D-glyceraldehyde
d. D. Cellobiose
e. Ribose
Dihydroxyacetone
Which of the following is found or present in
brussel sprouts?
a. Glucose
b. Maltose
c. Raffinose
d. Ribose
e. Lactose
Raffinose
Primary source of Energy:
a. Glucose
b. Maltose
c. Raffinose
d. Ribose
e. Lactose
Glucose
Glucose + Fructose
a. Sucrose
b. Maltose
c. Lactose
d. Cellobiose
Sucrose
Utilized as a chemical marker that aids in
distinguishing the different types of blood
a. D-fructose
b. Stachyose
c. D-galactose
d. Maltose
D-galactose
Reaction that usually takes place when blood
glucose levels are sufficiently high:
a. Glycogenolysis
b. Gluconeogenesis
c. Glycogenesis
d. Both A & B
Glycogenesis
Considered as the most abundant naturally
occurring polysaccharide
a. Chitin
b. Cellulose
c. Sucrose
d. Starch
Cellulose
PKU is a genetic disease that is due to the
accumulation of what amino acid?
a. Cysteine
b. Tyrosine
c. Valine
d. Phenylalanine
e. Glutamate
Phenylalanine
An hereditary disorder of the connective tissues
wherein the affected person has abnormally long
and thin digits:
a. Marfan Syndrome
b. Cystic Fibrosis
c. Trisomy 21
d. XYY Syndrome
Marfan Syndrome
Most abundant class of bioorganic molecules:
a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Nucleic Acids
d. Proteins
Carbohydrates
The following are stop codons, except:
a. AUG
b. UAA
c. UGA
d. UAG
AUG
Enzyme that joins the lagging strand together
a. DNA polymerase
b. DNA helicase
c. DNA ligase
d. Topoisomerase
DNA ligase
Pantothenic Acid is also known as ______
a. B1
b. B2
c. B3
d. B6
e. B5
B5
Where does lipid digestion begin?
a. Stomach
b. Small intestine
c. Mouth
d. Intestinal lining
Stomach
Glucose is converted to a non-carbohydrate material
A. Glycolysis
B. Glycogenesis
C. Gluconeogenesis
D. Glycogenolysis
Glycolysis
Glucose to Glycogen
A. Glycolysis
B. Glycogenesis
C. Gluconeogenesis
D. Glycogenolysis
Glycogenesis
Glycogen is turned back to Glucose
A. Glycolysis
B. Glycogenesis
C. Gluconeogenesis
D. Glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis
Noncarbohydarte material is converted back to glucose
A. Glycolysis
B. Glycogenesis
C. Gluconeogenesis
D. Glycogenolysis
Gluconeogenesis
Most TAGs are converted to Monoacylglycerols in
the _______
a. Intestinal Cells
b. Stomach
c. Small Intestine
d. Lymphatic system
e. Bloodstream
Small Intestine
Lactate is produced in the muscle from a glucose
molecule
a. Glycogenesis
b. Cori cycle
c. Krebs cycle
d. Glyconeogenesis
Cori cycle
Known as the most common structural form of
DNA
a. A-form
b. Z-form
c. B-form
d. Both A & B
e. Both B & C
B-form
