Module 1 Flashcards
Sample Questions
The following are properties of organic compounds, EXCEPT:
o Bonding is almost entirely covalent.
o Many are soluble in water
o Most are insoluble in water
o Reactions are very slow
Most are insoluble in water
Which of the following atoms is not commonly encountered in organic compounds?
o HYDROGEN
o IRON
o CARBON
o OXYGEN
Iron
Which of the following statements concerning organic compounds is correct?
o Organic compounds are found only in non-living systems.
o Organic compounds are always soluble in water.
o Organic compounds cannot be found in nature; they must be synthesized in a laboratory.
o Organic compounds always contain the element carbon
Organic compounds always contain the element carbon.
Which of the following terms refer to the collection of atoms at a site that have a characteristic behavior in all molecules where it
occurs?
o Functional group
o Carboxyl group
o Halogen group
o Carbonyl group
Functional group
What is the label of the bond between the first two carbon atoms starting from the left?
CH3-CH=CH-CH2CH3
o δ sp2-sp2
o δ sp3-sp3
o δ sp-sp2
o δ sp3-sp
δ sp3-sp3
When one s orbital is mixed with two p orbitals, it will result to:
o sp hybridization
o sp3 hybridization
o s hybridization
o sp2 hybridization
sp hybridization
What is the composition of bonds in a compound containing triple bond?
o One sigma bond two pi bonds
o Two pi bonds and two sigma
bonds
o Two sigma bonds and one pi bond
o One pi bond and one sigma bond
One sigma bond two pi bonds
Which of the following statements is not true regarding resonance structures?
o All resonance structures must have the same number of electrons
o All resonance structure must differ in the hybridization of atoms.
o All resonance structures must have the same arrangement of atoms
o All resonance structures must be valid Lewis structure
All resonance structure must differ in the hybridization of atoms
Consider the molecule
(Insert photo)
o sp2 sp2 sp2 sp3 sp
o sp2 sp2 sp3 sp3 sp3
o sp2 sp2 sp3 sp3 sp2
o sp2 sp sp sp2 sp
sp2 sp2 sp2 sp3 sp
When a carbon atom has sp3 hybridization, it has
o Four p bonds
o Three p bonds and one s bond
o Four s bonds
o Two p bonds and two s bonds
Two p bonds and two s bonds
Electronegativity is a concept that is useful along with other concepts in:
o Predicting the polarity of a bond.
o Deciding how many electrons are involved in a bond.
o Formulating a statement of the octet rule.
o Determining the charge on a polyatomic ion.
Deciding how many electrons are involved in a bond.
Which of the following statements concerning common alcohols is correct?
o Wood alcohol and Grain alcohol are the same substance.
o Rubbing alcohol is pure Ethyl alcohol.
o Absolute alcohol is pure Isopropanol.
o Ethanol can be produced by fermentation
Ethanol can be produced by fermentation
Which of the following molecules would exhibit the largest dipole moment?
o CH3CH3
o CH3CH2F
o CH3CH2Cl
o CH3CH2Br
CH3CH2F
In which of the following classes of organic compounds is an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom?
o Alcohols
o Amines
o Aldehydes
o All of the above
Alcohols
Which of the following functional group classifications do not contain oxygen?
o Ether
o Thiol
o Aldehyde
o Ester
Thiol
Which of the following statement is correct?
o H-bonding decreases solubility in water
o Branching lowers the Inter-molecular Forces of the molecule
o As the length of carbon chain increases, boiling point decreases
o As the length of carbon chain increases, hydrophobic chain decreases
Branching lowers the Inter-molecular Forces of the molecule
Which of the following statements concerning phenols is incorrect?
o They are generally low-melting solids or oily liquids.
o They easily dissolve in water.
o Phenols can undergo halogenation
o Phenols have acid ionization constants lower than most weak inorganic ac
They are generally low-melting solids or oily liquid
According to the Bronsted-Lowry theory, a base is a (n)
o Proton donor
o Proton acceptor
o Electron donor
o Electron acceptor
Proton acceptor
Which of the following has the highest boiling point?
o Hexanol
o Hexanoic acid
o Hexanal
o Hexane
Hexanoic acid
Which of the following are the classes of organic compounds arranged in increasing boiling point?
o Aldehyde, carboxylic acid, alkane
o Alcohol, carboxylic acid, organic salts
o Aldehyde, ether, alkane
o Alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid
Alcohol, ketone, carboxylic acid
As the n in H(CH2)nH decreases, the
melting points _______ and the boiling points __________.
o increase, increase
o increase, decrease
o decrease, increase
o decrease, decrease
decrease, decrease
Which of the following expression is correct in terms of basicity?
o CH3NHCH3 > CH3NH2
o CH3NH2 > CH3NHCH3
o N(CH3)3 > CH3NHCH3
o CH3NHCH3 < CH3NH2
CH3NHCH3 > CH3NH2
Molecules of similar sizes with different functional groups will have
o Similar chemical and physical properties.
o Exactly the same chemical and physical properties.
o Different chemical and physical properties.
o Size and functional group are not related
Similar chemical and physical properties
Alkanes are often called:
o Unsaturated hydrocarbons
o Saturated hydrocarbons
o Carbohydrates
o Saturated Fats
Saturated hydrocarbons
Which of the following could not be the molecular formula for an alkane molecule?
o C4H10
o CH4
o C5H14
o C24H50
C5H14
How many carbon atoms are present in the alkane whose IUPAC name is 2,2,4-trimethylpentane?
o Five
o Eight
o Seven
o Nine
Eight
Which of the following alkenes is paired with an incorrect IUPAC name?
o CH2=CH–CH2–CH3; 1-butene
o CH3–CH=CH–CH3; 2-butene
o CH3–CH2–CH=CH2; 3-butene
o All of the above
CH2=CH–CH2–CH3; 1-butene
Which of the following is the definition of a pair of enantiomers?
o A pair of structures that aresuperimposable mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations
A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations
Which of the following is the definition of a pair of diastereomers?
o A pair of structures that are superimposable mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that are not mirror images of one another
o A pair of stereoisomers that have equal specific rotations
A pair of stereoisomers that are non- superimposable mirror images of one another
Which of the following correctly describes a molecule that is achiral?
o Non-superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image
o Superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image
o Contains a carbon atom with four different substituents
o Does not have a plane of symmetry
Superimposability of the molecule on its mirror image
The biological importance of enantiomers arises from?
o Biological reactions involve receptor molecules.
o Biological receptors are chiral.
o Biological receptors require a specific enantiomer for reaction.
o All of the above
All of the above
Which of the following structural features is possessed by aldehydes but not ketones?
o At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom.
o At least one hydroxyl group is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom.
o The carbonyl carbon atom is bonded to two other carbon atoms.
o The carbonyl carbon atom is part of a ring structure
At least one hydrogen atom is bonded to the carbonyl carbon atom.
What two functional groups are never found at the end of a carbon chain?
o Alcohol and ketone
o Ether and aldehyde
o Alcohol and aldehyde
o Ether and Ketone
Ether and ketone
Which of the following statements
concerning hydrogen bonding is correct?
o Ketone molecules can hydrogen bond to each other.
o Aldehyde molecules can hydrogen bond to each other.
o Both ketone molecules and aldehyde molecules can hydrogen bond to each other.
o Aldehyde molecules cannot hydrogen bond to other aldehyde molecules.
Aldehyde molecules cannot hydrogen
bond to other aldehyde molecules
The functional group present in carboxylic acids is called a:
o Carbonyl group
o Carboxyl group
o Carboxylate group
o Carbohydroxyl group
Carboxyl group
Carboxylic acids may be prepared by oxidation of:
o Ketones
o Secondary alcohols
o Primary alcohols
o Tertiary alcohol
Secondary alcohols
The ester obtained by reacting methanol and ethanoic acid is called:
o Methyl ethane
o Methyl ethanoate
o Ethyl methanoate
o Ethane methanoate
Methyl ethanoate
Which of the following compounds is a constitutional isomer of ethyl ethanoate?
o Methyl methanoate
o Ethyl propanoate
o Butanoic acid
o More than one correct response
Butanoic acid
Hydrogenation involves which of the following?
o Oxidation of alkenes
o Hydration of alkenes
o Reduction of alkenes
o Both oxidation and reduction of alkene
Both oxidation and reduction of alkenes
Carboxylic acids are converted into esters when reacted to:
o Ammonia and acid
o Alcohol and acid
o LiAlH4 and water
o Acid and base
Alcohol and acid
Esters are produced through the reaction of:
o A ketone and an ether
o An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
o A carboxylic acid and an aldehyde
o A ketone and an alcohol
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid
S1: Atomic mass = mass of protons + mass of neutron.
S2: For a neutral atom, number of proton=number of electron.
o Only the first statement is correct
o Only the second statement is correct
o Both statements are correct
o Neither
Only the first statement is correct
The particle formed when two or more atoms bond covalently:
o Compound
o Molecule
o Zymogen
o Allotrope
o Isotope
Molecule
Which of the following statement/s is
correct?
o Elements, but not compounds, are pure substances.
o Compounds, but not elements, are pure substances.
o Both elements and compounds are pure substances.
o Neither elements nor compounds are pure substances
Both elements and compounds are pure substances.
Which of the following statements about heterogeneous and homogeneous mixtures is correct?
o It is possible to have heterogeneous mixtures in which all the components are liquids.
o A homogeneous mixture contains visibly different parts, or phases.
o All of the phases in a heterogeneous mixture must be in the same state
o No two phases in a heterogeneous mixture can be in the same state.
No two phases in a heterogeneous
mixture can be in the same state
The most abundant elements in the
universe and the Earth’s crust are, respectively,
o Oxygen & Iron
o Helium & Carbon
o Hydrogen & Helium
o Hydrogen & Oxygen
Hydrogen & Oxygen
The “mathematical meaning” associated with the metric system prefixes milli, centi, kilo is respectively,
o 10–2, 10–4, and 10–6
o 10–3, 10–6, and 10–9
o NOTA
NOTA
Which of the following pairings of chemical formulas and “molecular descriptions” is incorrect?
o LiCN and “triatomic”
o N2 and “homoatomic”
o KCl and “heteroatomic”
KCl and “heteroatomic
The noble gasses are all non-metals and are characterized by having completely filled shells of electrons. In general this makes them very unreactive chemically since it is difficult to add or remove electrons.
o Only the first statement is correct
o Only the second statement is correct
o Both statements are correct
o Neither are correct
Both statements are correct
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A tabulation of elements classified into groups/ families with various physical and chemical properties
o Periodic Table
o Elemental List
o Element standard
o Reactivity series
Periodic Table
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Which is NOT a phenothiazine?
o Olanzapine
o Clozapine
o Metoclopramide
o Quetiapine
o NOTA
NOTA
Used in the treatment of isoniazid-resistant tuberculosis.
o Ethionamide
o (+) Ethambutol
o (-) Ethambutol
o Aminosalycylic acid
o PZA
(-) Ethambutol
Used as a preservative, primarily to retard yeast growth.
o Methylparaben
o Ethylparaben
o Propylparaben
o Butylparaben
o NOT
Methylparaben
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Gentamicin can be isolated from what microorganism?
o Streptomyces tenebrarius
o Streptomyces natalensis
o Streptomyces licolnensis
o NOTA
NOTA
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Phenoxymethypenicillin is?
o Penicillin N
o Penicillin V
o Penicillin T
o Penicillin G
o Penicillin C
Penicillin V
All are anti-pseudomonal cephalosporin, EXCEPT:
o Ceftriaxone
o Ceftizoxime
o Ceftazidime
o Cefotaxime
o Cefuroxime
Cefuroxime
All have hydroxyethylene scaffold central core motif, except:
o Saquinavir
o Tipranivir
o Inidnavir
o Both A and C
o NOT
Tipranivir
All are 4-aminoquinoline derivatives, EXCEPT:
o Primaquine
o Mefloquine
o Chloroquine
o Hydroxychloroquine
o NOTA
Primaquine
All are polycyclic antimalarial agents, EXCEPT:
o Quinacrine
o Pyronaridine
o Doxycycline
o Halfantrine
o NOTA
NOTA
This is a hydrogen in an acid molecule that can be transferred to a base during an acid- base reaction.
o Reaction intermediate
o Percent dissociation
o Ionization constant
o Acidic hydrogen atom
Ionization constant
The law that expresses the relationship between pressure, volume, temperature of gases in the equation, PV=nRT, where n is equal to the number of moles of gas and R is constant which is the same for gasses that behave ideally is known as:
o Gay-Lussacs Law
o Boyles Law
o Charle’s Law
o Ideal Gas Law
Ideal Gas Law
Boyle’s law involves which of the following?
o Direct proportion
o A constant volume
o A constant temperature
o AOTA
o NOTA
A constant temperature
The factors that affect the rate of chemical
reactions include the following, EXCEPT.
Concentration of reactants
Nature of reactants
Temperature
Nature of reaction
Surface area
Surface area
This states that when a system experiences a disturbance (such as concentration, temperature, or pressure changes), it will respond to restore a new equilibrium state
Le Chatelier’s Principle
Law of constant proportion
Aufbau principle
Henderson-Hasselback Law
Le Chatelier’s Principle
The following statements are true about the properties of Group IA EXCEPT:
One valence electron
Their hydroxides give alkaline solutions.
In the crystalline state only lithium
regularly form hydrates.
Alkali metal salts of common inorganic and
Their hydroxides give alkaline solutions
Which property is shared by both alkali metals and alkaline earth metals?
Two electrons in the valence shell
Low electronegativity
Readily form divalent cations
Less dense than other metals
Low electron affinity
Low electronegativity
Alkaline Earth metals exhibit the following property, EXCEPT:
Two electrons in the valence shell
Low electronegativity
Readily form divalent cations
Less dense than other metals
Low electron affinity
Low electronegativity
This is the most active of metallic elements:
Alkali metals
Oxidizing agents
Base metals
Buffer system
Alkali metals
The halogens exhibit different physical properties from each other but do share chemical properties, which include:
Average electronegativity
Metallic
Most reactive
Six valence electrons
All of them
All of them
Group of Precipitant of the silver group
Acetic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Sulphuric acid
Benzoic Acid
Hydrochloric acid
The following are members of the soluble group EXCEPT:
Sodium
Aluminum
Ammonia
Potassium
NOTA
Aluminum
Salts of these alkaline metals are used as sedative depressant in psychiatry:
Lithium
Iridium
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Group 8 of the periodic table:
Consists of 8 electrons in its outermost level
Consists of 10 electrons in its outermost energy level
Has four electrons in its p subshell
All are correct
All are incorrect
All are correct
Group 2 in the periodic table includes the
following, EXCEPT:
Be
Ba
Sr
Mg
Cu
Cu
Group 4 elements include/s:
Zn
Zr
Pb
S
AOTA
Zr
Another name for Group6A:
Chalcogens
Cation Group
Halogens
Clarogens
NOTA
Chalcogens
Which of the following is a triprotic acid?
Sulfuric acid
Nitric acid
Phosphoric acid
Carbonic acid
AOTA
AOTA
Which of the following does not describe an acidic solution?
The pH is less than 7.0
The [OH–] is greater than 1.0 X 10–7
The [H3O+] is greater than the [OH–]
The [OH–] is 6.0 10–10
The [H3O+] is greater than the [OH–]
The pH of a buffered solution
Always equals 7.0
May be acidic or basic depending on the buffer present
Changes drastically when a small amount of acid is added
No correct response
All are correct
All are correct
Which of the following is a strong base?
Caustic soda
Muriatic acid
Potash
AOTA
NOTA
Potash
Which of the following is the universal dehydrating agent?
Hydrochloric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrobromic acid
Sulfuric acid
Sulfuric acid
The radiopharmaceutical which is used as diagnostic aid to determine blood plasma volume and cardiac output:
Chlormerodrin Hg197
Sodium chromate 51
I131 Serum Albumin (Human)
Gold 198
I131 Serum Albumin (Human)
This is used for kidney imaging or
determining renal function:
Technetium 99m phytate
Technetium 99HIDA
Technetium Heptagluconate
Technetium 99 Etidronate
Technetium Heptagluconate
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