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BioPharm Drill Flashcards

1
Q

BIOAVAILABILITY

A. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A DRUGAND ITS SYSTEMIC ABSORPTION
B. MEASUREMENT OF THE RATE & AMOUNT OF THERAPEUTICALLY ACTIVE DRUG THAT REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION
C. MOVEMENT OF THE DRUG INTO BODY TISSUES OVER TIME D. DISSOLUTION OF THE DRUG IN THE GIT
D. AMOUNT OF DRUG DESTROYED BY THE LIVER BEFORE SYSTEMIC ABSORPTION FROM THE GIT OCCURS

A

B. MEASUREMENT OF THE RATE & AMOUNT OF THERAPEUTICALLY ACTIVE DRUG THAT REACHES THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION

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2
Q

THE ROUTE OF DRUG ADMINISTRATION THAT GIVES THE MOST RAPID ONSET OF THE PHARMACOLOGIC EFFECT IS:

A. IM INJ
B. IV INJ
C. INTRADERMAL INJ
D. PER-ORAL ADMINISTRATION

A

IV INJ

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3
Q

AFTER PER-ORAL ADMINISTRATION, DRUGS GENERALLY ABSORBED BEST FROM THE

A. BUCCAL CAVITY
B. STOMACH
C. DUODENUM
D. ILEUM
E. RECTUM

A

DUODENUM

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4
Q

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN ACTIVE
TRANSPORT PROCESS INCLUDES ALL OF THE FOLLOWING EXCEPT:

A. ACTIVE TRANSPORT MOVES DRUG
MOLECULES AGAINST A CONCENTRATION GRADIENT
B. ACTIVE TRANSPORT FOLLOWS FICK’S LAW OF DIFFUSION
C. ACTIVE TRANSPORT IS A CARRIERMEDIATED TRANSPORT SYSTEM
D. ACTIVE TRANSPORT REQUIRES ENERGY
E. ACTIVE TRANSPORT OF DRUG MOLECULES MAYBE SATURATED AT HIGH CONCENTRATIONS

A

ACTIVE TRANSPORT FOLLOWS FICK’S LAW OF DIFFUSION

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5
Q

PASSAGE OF MOLECULES WILL TEND TO MOVE FROM THE HIGHER CONCENTRATIONS SIDE TO THE LOWER CONCENTRATIONS SIDE

A. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
B. BIOAVAILABILITY
C. BIOPHARMACEUTICS
D. SIMPLE DIFFUSION

A

SIMPLE DIFFUSION

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6
Q

WHICH EQUATION DESCRIBES THE RATE OF DRUG DISSOLUTION FROM A TABLET?

A. FICK’S LAW
B. HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH
C. LAW OF MASS ACTION
D. MICHAELIS-MENTEN EQUATION
E. NOYES-WHITNEY EQUATION

A

NOYES-WHITNEY EQUATION

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7
Q

WHICH CONDITION USUALLY INCREASES THE RATE OF DRUG DISSOLUTION FROM A TABLET?

A

USE OF IONIZED OR SALT FORM OF DRUG

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8
Q

DOSE DUMPING IS A PROBLEM IN THE FORMULATION OF A COMPRESSED TABLET?

A

MODIFIED RELEASE DRUG PRODUCT

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9
Q

THE RATE LIMITING STEP IN THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF A LIPID SOLUBLE DRUG FORMULATION AS AN IMMEDIATE RELEASE COMPRESSED TABLET IS THE RATE OF:

A. DISINTEGRATION OF THE TABLET & RELEASE OF THE DRUG
B. DISSOLUTION OF THE DRUG
C. TRANSPORT OF THE DRUG MOLECULES
D. ACROSS THE INTESTINAL MUCOSAL CELLS
E. BLOOD FLOW TO THE GIT

A

DISSOLUTION OF THE DRUG

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10
Q

THE EXTENT OF IONIZATION OF A WEAK ELECTROLYTE DRUG DEPENDS ON THE?

A. PH OF THE MEDIA AND PKA OF THE DRUG
B. OIL TO WATER PARTITION COEFFICIENT OF THE DRUG
C. PARTICLE SIZE & SURFACE AREA OF THEDRUG
D. NOYES-WHITNEY EQUATION FOR THE DRUG
E. POLYMORPHIC FORM OF THE DRUG

A

PH OF THE MEDIA AND PKA OF THE DRUG

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11
Q

THE RATE OF DRUG BIOAVAILABILITY IS MOST RAPID WHEN THE DRUG IS FORMULATED AS A

A. CONTROLLED-RELEASE PRODUCT
B. HARD GELATINE CAPSULE
C. COMPRESSED TABLET
D. SOLUTION
E. SUSPENSION

A

SOLUTION

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12
Q

CREATININE CLEARANCE IS USED AS
MEASUREMENT OF

A

GFR

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13
Q

THE EVIDENCE THAT A DRUG IS STORED IN TISSUES

A. AN INCREASE IN PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING
B. A LARGE APPARENT VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION
C. DECREASE IN THE RATE OF FORMATION OF METABOLITES
D. DECREASE IN THE AMOUNT OF FREE DRUG EXCRETED IN THE URINE

A

A LARGE APPARENT VOLUME
OF DISTRIBUTION

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14
Q

THE INTENSITY OF THE PHARMACOLOGIC ACTION OF A DRUG IS MOST DEPENDENT ON

A

CONCENTRATION OF THE DRUG AT THE
SITE OF ACTION

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15
Q

THE LOADING DOSE OF A DRUG IS USUALLY BASED ON THE

A

APPARENT VOLUME OF THE DISTRIBUTION

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16
Q

RENAL CLEARANCE OF INULIN IS USED AS MEASUREMENT OF

A. EFFECTIVE RENAL BLOOD FLOW
B. RATE OF RENAL DRUG EXCRETION
C. GFR
D. ACTIVE RENAL
E. INTRINSIC

A

GFR

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17
Q

ALL OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS ABOUT PROTEIN BINDING ARE TRUE EXCEPT:

A. DISPLACEMENT OF A DRUG FORM PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING SITES RESULT IN A TRANSIENT INCREASE IN VD.
B. DISPLACEMENT OF A DRUG FROM PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING SITES MALES MORE FREE DRUG AVAILABLE FOR GLOMERULAR FILTRATION
C. DISPLACEMENT OF THE POTENT DRUG THAT IS NORMALLY BOUND GREATER THAN 95% MAY CAUSE TOXICITY
D. DRUG HIGHLY BOUND TO PLASMA PROTEIN HAVE A GREATER VD COMPARED WITH DRUGS THAT ARE HIGHLY BOUND TO TISSUE

A

DRUG HIGHLY BOUND TO PLASMA
PROTEIN HAVE A GREATER VD COMPARED WITH DRUGS THAT ARE HIGHLY BOUND TO TISSUE

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18
Q

THE ONSET TIME FOR A DRUG GIVEN ORALLY IS THE TIME FOR THE DRUG TO:

A. REACH THE PEAK PLASMA DRUG CONCENTRATION.
B. REACH THE MEC
C. REACH THE MTC
D. BEGIN TO BE ELIMINATED FROM THE BODY
E. BEGIN TO BE ABSORBED FROM THE SMALL INTESTINE.

A

REACH THE PEAK PLASMA DRUG
CONCENTRATION.

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19
Q

THE INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF A DRUG INTO TISSUE IS DETERMINED CHIEFLY BY THE;

A. RATE OF BLOOD FLOW TO TISSUE
B. GFR
C. STOMACH EMPTYING TIME
D. AFFINITY OF THE DRUG FOR TISSUE
E. PLASMA PROTEIN BINDING OF THE DRUG

A

RATE OF BLOOD FLOW TO TISSUE

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20
Q

THE INTEGRAL OF DRUG LEVEL OVER TIME FROM ZERO TO INFINITY IS.

A. BIOLOGIC HALF. LIFE
B. AUC
C. BIOAVAILABILITY
D. BIOPHARMACEUTICS

A

AUC

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21
Q

WHICH TISSUE HAS THE GREATEST CAPACITY TO BIOTRANSFORM DRUGS?

A. BRAIN
B. KIDNEY
C. LIVER
D. LUNG
E. SKIN

A

LIVER

22
Q

TO DETERMINE THE ABSOLUTE BIOAVAILABILITY OF A DRUG GIVEN AS AN ORAL EXTENDED RELEASE TABLET, THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF THE DRUG MUST BE COMPARED TO THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF THE DRUG FROM;

A. AN IMMEDIATE RELEASE ORAL TABLET CONTAINING THE SAME AMOUNT OF ACTIVE INGREDIENT
B. AN ORAL SOLUTION OF THE DRUG IN THE SAME DOSE
C. A PARENTERAL SOLUTION OF THE DRUG GIVEN BY INTRAVENOUS BOLUS OR IV INFUSION
D. A REFERENCE (BRAND) EXTENDED
RELEASE TABLET THAT IS A PHARMACEUTICAL EQUIVALENT

A

A PARENTERAL SOLUTION OF THE DRUG GIVEN BY INTRAVENOUS BOLUS OR IV INFUSION

23
Q

THE FIRST STEP WHICH DETERMINES THE ONSET OF ACTION, RATE OF ABSORPTION & AVAILABILITY IS;

A. LIBERATION
B. DISTRIBUTION
C. EXCRETION
D. ABSORPTION

A

LIBERATION

24
Q

THE RANGE OF DOSES AT WHICH A MEDICATION IS EFFECTIVE WITHOUT UNACCEPTABLE ADVERSE EVENTS.

A. THERAPEUTIC EFFECT
B. THERAPEUTIC INDEX
C. THERAPEUTIC WINDOW
D. NOTA

A

THERAPEUTIC INDEX

25
Q

WHEN A SUBSTANCE IS HALF-IONIZED AT A CERTAIN PH, ITS PKA IS

A. GREATER THAN PH
B. LESS THAN PH
C. EQUAL TO PH
D. NEGLIGIBLE AS COMPARED TO PH

A

EQUAL TO PH

26
Q

THE NOYES-WHITNEY EQUATION DETERMINES:

A. PARTICLE SIZE MEASUREMENT
B. ACTUAL DRUG SOLUBILITY
C. DISSOLUTION CONSTANT
D. DISSOLUTION RATE

A

DISSOLUTION RATE

27
Q

IT REFERS TO THE NET TRANSFER OF A DRUG CIRCULATING FLUIDS OF THE BODY TO VARIOUS TISSUES AND ORGANS.

A. ABSORPTION
B. DISTRIBUTION
C. METABOLISM
D. EXCRETION

A

DISTRIBUTION

28
Q

THE TERM USED TO DESCRIBE THE ACHIEVEMENT OF SUSTAINED DRUG CONCENTRATION BY SIMPLY INCREASING THE DOSE SIZE OR BY ACCIDENTAL FAST RELEASE OF DRUG FROM A SUSTAINED RELEASE DOSAGE FROM

A. DOSE CURVE
B. ACCUMULATION
C. DOSE DUMPING
D. DOSE DEPENDENCY

A

DOSE DUMPING

29
Q

THIS REFERS TO THE TIME IN HOURS NECESSARY TO REDUCE THE DRUG CONCENTRATION IN THE BLOOD, PLASMA OR SERUM TO ONE-HALF AFTER EQUILIBRIUM IS REACHED

A. HALF-LIFE
B. CLEARANCE
C. ELIMINATION
D. GET
E. HEPATIC CLEARANCE

A

HALF-LIFE

30
Q

DRUGS EMPTIED VIA BILE INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE CAN BE REABSORBED FROM INTESTINAL LUMEN INTO THE SYSTEMIC
CIRCULATION IS THE PHENOMENON OF

A. ENTEROHEPATIC RECIRCULATION
B. BILIARY RECYCLING
C. A & B
D. NOTA

A

A & B

31
Q

NO QUESTION

A
32
Q

A DRUG WHICH POSSESSES AFFINITY & INTRINSIC ACTIVITY:

A. AGONIST
B. ANTAGONIST
C. TOXIN
D. NOTA

A

AGONIST

33
Q

A DRUG HAS HIGH SOLUBILITY BUT LOW PERMEABILITY MAY BE CLASSIFIED BASED ON BCS AS:

A. CLASS 1
B. CLASS 2
C. CLASS 3
D. CLASS 4

A

CLASS 3

34
Q

THIS IS AN INDICATION OF THE LIPID
SOLUBILITY OF A DRUG AND ITS LIKELIHOOD OF BEING TRANSPORTED ACROSS MEMBRANES:

A. POLYMORPHISM
B. PERMEABILITY
C. PH
D. PARTITION COEFFICIENT

A

PARTITION COEFFICIENT

34
Q

DRUGS THAT ARE USUALLY RELEASED MUCH MORE SLOWLY FROM FAT BECAUSE

A. FAT HAS RELATIVELY LIMITED BLOOD SUPPLY
B. DRUGS ARE FAT BOUND THAN PLASMA BOUND
C. FAT DRUGS BOUND TO ITSELF MORE
D. AOTA

A

FAT HAS RELATIVELY LIMITED BLOOD
SUPPLY

35
Q

TO ESTABLISH BIOEQUIVALENCE, THE CALCULATED CONFIDENCE INTERVAL SHOULD FALL WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED LIMIT OF:

A. 50-100%
B. 90-110%
C. 80-125%
D. 95-100%

A

80-125%

36
Q

CONDITION IN WHICH THE RATE OF DRUG LEAVING THE BODY IS EQUAL TO DRUG

A. DOUBLE-PEAK
B. STEADY STATE
C. FLIP FLOP
D. FIRST-PASS EFFECT

A

STEADY STATE

37
Q

DRUG ENTERING THE BODY DOES NOT INSTANTLY DISTRIBUTE BETWEEN THE BLOOD & THOSE OTHER BODY FLUIDS OR TISSUES WHICH IT EVENTUALLY REACHES

A. OPEN-ONE
B. OPEN-TWO COMPARTMENT
C. MULTI-MIL
D. CENTRAL COMPARTMENT

A

OPEN-TWO COMPARTMENT

38
Q

RATE CONSTANTS IN PHARMACOKINETICS ARE USUALLY

A. ZERO ORDER
B. FIRST ORDER
C. SECOND ORDER
D. THIRD ORDER

A

FIRST ORDER

39
Q

REFERS TO THE USE OF DRUGS OTHER THAN FOOD FOR THE PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, OF A MEDICAL CONDITION AS WELL AS ITS SIGN AND SYMPTOMS

A. PHARMACOTHERAPY
B. PHARMACOVIGILANCE
C. PHARMACOLOGICAL THERAPY
D. A&C
E. B&C

A

PHARMACOTHERAPY

40
Q

THE LARGER THE AMOUNT OF TOTAL BODY FLUID AND THE VERY SMALL AMOUNT OF FAT TISSUE IN INFANT MAKE IT LIKELY THAT THE VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION OF HYDROPHILIC COMPOUNDS IS ___ AND THAT LIPOPHILIC ONES ARE ___

A. INCREASED, DECREASED
B. INCREASED, INCREASED
C. DECREASED, INCREASED
D. DECREASED,DECREASED

A

INCREASED, DECREASED

41
Q

DRUG BINDING TO PROTEIN CAN BE CONSIDERED AS A:

A. REVERSIBLE PROCESS
B. IRREVERSIBLE PROCESS
C. LINEAR
D. NON-LINEAR

A

REVERSIBLE PROCESS

42
Q

FREE DRUG CONCENTRATION ______ OF PLASMA BINDING, BUT IS _____ ON TISSUE BINDING.

A. INDEPENDENT, DEPENDENT
B. DEPENDENT, INDEPENDENT
C. DEPENDENT, DISSOCIATIVE
D. DISSOCIATIVE, INDEPENDENT
E. AOTA

A

INDEPENDENT, DEPENDENT

43
Q

IT IS A HYPOTHETICAL STRUCTURE WHICH CAN BE USED TO
CHARACTERIZED WITH REPRODUCIBILITY THE BEHAVIOUR AND THE FATE OF DRUG IN BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS

A. CONCEPTS
B. CONSTRUCTS
C. COMPARTMENTS
D. LOCATION
E. MODELS

A

CONSTRUCTS

44
Q

ASIANS ARE AT THE GREATEST RISK OF ALL ETHNIC GROUPS FOR GENETIC POLYMORPHISM IN WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING CYTOCHROME P450 ISOENZYMES?

A. CYP 2D6
B. CYP 142
C. CYP 3A4
D. CYP 2C19

A

CYP 2D6

45
Q

IN IV INFUSION IT IS ESSENTIAL TO ADMINISTER THE DOSE TO STEADY STATE, LOADING DOSE AND PRIMARY DOSE.

A. LOADING DOSE
B. MAINTENANCE DOSE
C. TITTERED DOSE
D. PRINTING DOSE
E. A AND D

A

A AND D

46
Q

MOST COMMONLY USED FORMULA FOR CREATININE CLEARANCE.

A. HENDERSON-HASSELBALCH
B. NOYES WHITNEY
C. COCKROFT & GAULT
D. JELIFIE EQUATION

A

COCKROFT & GAULT

47
Q

THIS REFERS TO THE ANATOMICAL LOCATION OF THE RECEPTORS FOR A DRUG:

A. ENZYMES
B. PROTOENZYMES
C. BIOPHASE
D. MICROSOMES

A

BIOPHASE

48
Q

UNIT FOR CLEARANCE

A. VOLUME/TIME
B. DRUG/VOLUME
C. CONCENTRATION/TIME
D. CONCENTRATION x TIME

A

VOLUME/TIME

49
Q

A PK WHICH A DRUG ENTERS A COMPARTMENT, DISTRIBUTES BETWEEN A CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL COMPARTMENT AND IS ELIMINATED FROM THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION.

A. HALF-LIFE
B. VOLUME OF DISTRIBUTION
C. RATE CONSTANT
D. AUC
E. CMA

A

RATE CONSTANT

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