Module 18 ch. 35 Flashcards
Brown Stain was called _______ enamel and now is known as ______
mottled
dental fluorosis
Who pinpointed fluorine as the specific element related to mottled enamel?
H.V. Churchill
What is the optimum level of fluoride in the water to prevent dental caries.
1ppm
What is the number of ppm for all communities?
0.7ppm
What food has large amounts of fluoride in them?
tea
fish
Communities were first fluoridated in what year?
1945
A halo/diffusion effect is when?
Food and beverages are produced in a fluoridated community and sent to other areas
______ and _______ systems can remove fluoride from water.
reverse osmosis
water distillation
The ADA recommends fluoride supplements for children at _______ and those whose primary source of water is ____
high caries risk
non-fluoridated
How much fluoride should someone under 6 mo of age receive
zero
from 6mo to 3 yrs kids should get_____ of floride
0.25mg
from 3yrs to 6 yrs kids should get _____ or _____ amount of fluoride
- 5mg
0. 25mg
from 6yrs to 16 yrs kids should get ___ or ____ amount of fluoride
- 0mg
0. 5mg
What are the sources of fluoride supplements
tablets
lozenges
oral drops
tablets and lozenges work best when taken?
at night after teeth are brushed
how long should someone wait before eating or drinking after taking a fluoride lozenge
15min
Fluoride isn’t recommended to be mixed with ____ it slows absorption rate.
milk/dairy
You should consider the kids _____, _____ risk, and ____ before recommending fluoride supplements.
age
caries
sources of fluoride
The professional application of fluoride is base on?
caries risk
Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride shouldn’t be used on what surfaces?
porcelain
composites
sealants
Sodium Fluoride has a ph of?
7- neutral
_____ has the highest concentration of fluoride?
varnish
What are the 3 objectives of topical fluoride
prevent caries
remineralization
desensitization
You should avoid brushing and flossing for ___ after applying varnish
4-6hrs
Primary teeth should have ____ml of varnish
Mixed dentition teeth should have _____ml
Adult dentition should have _____ml
.25
.4
.5
Oral fluoride rinses are characterized as ____potency/______ frequency
low
high
What is the foundation to all patients’ fluoride regime.
toothpaste (fluoridated)
What is the ADULT CLD of fluoride
5-10 g
What is the CHILD CLD of fluoride
.5-1.0 g
What does CLD stand for
Certainly Lethal Dose
The STD or ______ is _____ the amount of the CLD
Safely Tolerated Dose
1/4
_____mg of fluoride would be lethal to someone 6yr old or younger
500
Acute toxic dose symptoms begin within ___ of ingestion and may persist for ____
30min
24hrs
What drug is used as emergency tx. for acute overdose of fluoride.
Ipecac syrup
Chronic ______ toxicity or osteosclerosis can result after long-term _____ ingestion of water with ___ to __ppm fluoride
Skeletal
10+yr
8-10
Dental Fluorosis can only occur from age _____ to ______
birth
12/16
Mild fluorosis is seen clinically as?
white opacities
