Costley Module 11 ch 17 Flashcards
Amelogenesis
Production and development of enamel
Avulsion
The tearing away or forcible separation of a structure
Bruxism
oral habit
A carious lesion that has become stationary and does not show a tendency to progress further is termed
Arrested Caries
Primary caries occurs on a surface ______
not previously affected
Recurrent Caries occurs?
On a surface adjacent to a restoration
Under development of a tissue or organ is termed
Hypoplasia
Idiopathic
Condition of unknown cause
An early lesion can be referred to as _____ caries
Incipient (beginning)
Neutral P.H.
7.0
The PH at which demineralization occurs is termed _________
what is the value for enamel?
what is the value for cementum?
Critical PH
- 5-5.5
- 0-6.7
Mixed Dentition occurs between ages __ and ____
6
12
Roots are normally completely formed how long after eruption?
3 yrs.
A Hereditary disorder of the enamel is_____ the enamel may have a _____color
Amelogenesis Imperfecta
Brown
Systemic causes for enamel malformation are also called ______ or “——–”
Environmental
Chronologic Hypoplasia
A Systemic Enamel Malformation that is “single narrow zone” last a _____ period of time
short
The teeth most frequently affected by Systemic Enamel Malformations are?
1st Molars
Incisors
Canines
What STD can cause enamel malformations
Syphilis
Attrition
Wearing away of the tooth due to occlsion
Attrition can be found on what surfaces of the teeth
Occlusal
Incisal
Proximal
Predisposing factors to Bruxism include
Tension
Occlusal Interferences
Psychological Problems
Initial VS Advanced Attrition Signs
slight flattening - on cusp tip/ridge
Gradual reduction in cusp height: flattening of incisal or occlusal plane
Erosion is the loss of tooth structure by what process?
Chemical
Erosion is typically seen on what surfaces of the teeth
Lingual or Facial
______ _______ (Erosion) affects the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth
Chronic Vomiting
What are some examples of Extrinsic sources of enamel erosion
Lemons
Carbonated Beverages
Diet
Atmospheric Acids
The appearance of enamel erosion can vary from shallow _______ depressions to deep ______ grooves.
saucer-like
wedge-shaped
Abrasion is caused by
mechanical wearing by forces other than chewing.
Enamel Abrasion typically occurs at what surfaces
Exposed root surfaces
Incisal edge or occlusal surface
Enamel Abrasion can be caused by vigorous ________ and _______ causes
horizontal brushing
occupational (holding things between teeth)
Radiographic signs of trauma include widened __________ Radiolucent _______ Radiopaque area where fracture segments _________ and tooth ______
PDL space
fracture line
overlap
displacement
The WHO definition of caries?
localized, posteruptive, pathologic process of external origin involving softening of the hard tooth tissue and proceeding to the formation of a cavity.
The requirements for the development of a carious lesion are?
Microorganisms
Carbohydrate
Susceptible Tooth
What bacteria is found in the initiation of caries?
Mutans Streptococcus
What bacteria is found in the progression of caries?
Lactobacillus
The standard method for classifying dental caries was developed by
Dr. G.V. Black
Cavities in pits or fissures are a Class
1
Cavities on incisal edges of anterior teeth and cusp tips of posterior teeth are Class
6
Cavities in proximal surfaces of incisors and canines (don’t include incisal edge) are Class
3
Cavities in proximal surfaces of incisors or canines that involve incisal edge are Class
4
Cavities in proximal surfaces of premolars and molars are Class
2
Cavities in the cervical 1/3 of facial or lingual surfaces are Class
5
An Incipient lesion isn’t ______ and first clinical evidence is a ______
visible
white area on enamel
Low concentrations of ______ applied frequently during the initial phase of caries can help with demineralization
fluoride
The progression of carious lesions follows the general direction of ______
enamel rods
____ and ______ caries occurs where three or more lobes of development join imperfectly, or at endings of grooves of teeth
Pit and Fissure
_______ caries develops on proximal tooth surfaces where biofilm removal is protected
Smooth Surface
What teeth are most often affected in early childhood caries
MX anterior teeth and primary molars
Children need to be seen for an exam no longer than ______ mo after eruption of 1st tooth
6
What is necessary for root caries to happen
Gingival Recession
Caries does not form in the root surface while ________
PD fibers are attached
Dental caries starts near the ______
CEJ
Root caries occurs in a mildly ___ environment.
acidic
Root caries lesions are describes as __, ___, or ______
soft, leathery, hard
soft, leathery (Active Lesions)
Hard ( Arrested lesions)
Root caries increases ______ to coalesce with other small lesions
laterally
The 2 basic types of pulp testing are
thermal
electric
Intrinsic discoloration, fractures, large carious lesions, and fistulas are examples of ______ observations of ______
clinical
loss of vitality
Apical radiolucency, bone loss, and fractured roots are example of _______ observations of _____
radiographic
loss of vitality
The vitality of the pulp depends on ______ not ______
blood supply
nerve supply
An electric tester reveals only whether a pulp is _______ or _______
vital
non-vital
No response to an electric pulp test means?
Necrotic Pulp
Lingering pain after removal of electrical stimulus to pulp means?
Irreversible pulpitis
Pain subsides promptly after electrical pulp stimulus means?
reversible pulpitis
Reasons for False-Negative Pulp Test Responses
Took pain meds (alcohol, narcotics)
Recently traumatized tooth
narrow calcified root canal
newly erupted tooth
Primary dentition formation begins _____
in utero
Mineralization of the permanent teeth starts at ___ and continues into ____
birth
adolescence
What are the two methods of classifying cavities
G.V. Blacks
Nomenclature by Surfaces
Phase 1 in the formation of a carious lesion is?
Incipient Lesion development
Phase 2 in the formation of a carious lesion is?
Untreated Incipient Lesion development
