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Dental Hygiene 1 > Costley Module 11 ch 17 > Flashcards

Costley Module 11 ch 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Amelogenesis

A

Production and development of enamel

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2
Q

Avulsion

A

The tearing away or forcible separation of a structure

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3
Q

Bruxism

A

oral habit

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4
Q

A carious lesion that has become stationary and does not show a tendency to progress further is termed

A

Arrested Caries

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5
Q

Primary caries occurs on a surface ______

A

not previously affected

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6
Q

Recurrent Caries occurs?

A

On a surface adjacent to a restoration

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7
Q

Under development of a tissue or organ is termed

A

Hypoplasia

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8
Q

Idiopathic

A

Condition of unknown cause

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9
Q

An early lesion can be referred to as _____ caries

A

Incipient (beginning)

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10
Q

Neutral P.H.

A

7.0

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11
Q

The PH at which demineralization occurs is termed _________
what is the value for enamel?
what is the value for cementum?

A

Critical PH

  1. 5-5.5
  2. 0-6.7
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12
Q

Mixed Dentition occurs between ages __ and ____

A

6

12

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13
Q

Roots are normally completely formed how long after eruption?

A

3 yrs.

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14
Q

A Hereditary disorder of the enamel is_____ the enamel may have a _____color

A

Amelogenesis Imperfecta

Brown

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15
Q

Systemic causes for enamel malformation are also called ______ or “——–”

A

Environmental

Chronologic Hypoplasia

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16
Q

A Systemic Enamel Malformation that is “single narrow zone” last a _____ period of time

A

short

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17
Q

The teeth most frequently affected by Systemic Enamel Malformations are?

A

1st Molars
Incisors
Canines

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18
Q

What STD can cause enamel malformations

A

Syphilis

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19
Q

Attrition

A

Wearing away of the tooth due to occlsion

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20
Q

Attrition can be found on what surfaces of the teeth

A

Occlusal
Incisal
Proximal

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21
Q

Predisposing factors to Bruxism include

A

Tension
Occlusal Interferences
Psychological Problems

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22
Q

Initial VS Advanced Attrition Signs

A

slight flattening - on cusp tip/ridge

Gradual reduction in cusp height: flattening of incisal or occlusal plane

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23
Q

Erosion is the loss of tooth structure by what process?

A

Chemical

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24
Q

Erosion is typically seen on what surfaces of the teeth

A

Lingual or Facial

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25
Q

______ _______ (Erosion) affects the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth

A

Chronic Vomiting

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26
Q

What are some examples of Extrinsic sources of enamel erosion

A

Lemons
Carbonated Beverages
Diet
Atmospheric Acids

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27
Q

The appearance of enamel erosion can vary from shallow _______ depressions to deep ______ grooves.

A

saucer-like

wedge-shaped

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28
Q

Abrasion is caused by

A

mechanical wearing by forces other than chewing.

29
Q

Enamel Abrasion typically occurs at what surfaces

A

Exposed root surfaces

Incisal edge or occlusal surface

30
Q

Enamel Abrasion can be caused by vigorous ________ and _______ causes

A

horizontal brushing

occupational (holding things between teeth)

31
Q

Radiographic signs of trauma include widened __________ Radiolucent _______ Radiopaque area where fracture segments _________ and tooth ______

A

PDL space
fracture line
overlap
displacement

32
Q

The WHO definition of caries?

A

localized, posteruptive, pathologic process of external origin involving softening of the hard tooth tissue and proceeding to the formation of a cavity.

33
Q

The requirements for the development of a carious lesion are?

A

Microorganisms
Carbohydrate
Susceptible Tooth

34
Q

What bacteria is found in the initiation of caries?

A

Mutans Streptococcus

35
Q

What bacteria is found in the progression of caries?

A

Lactobacillus

36
Q

The standard method for classifying dental caries was developed by

A

Dr. G.V. Black

37
Q

Cavities in pits or fissures are a Class

A

1

38
Q

Cavities on incisal edges of anterior teeth and cusp tips of posterior teeth are Class

A

6

39
Q

Cavities in proximal surfaces of incisors and canines (don’t include incisal edge) are Class

A

3

40
Q

Cavities in proximal surfaces of incisors or canines that involve incisal edge are Class

A

4

41
Q

Cavities in proximal surfaces of premolars and molars are Class

A

2

42
Q

Cavities in the cervical 1/3 of facial or lingual surfaces are Class

A

5

43
Q

An Incipient lesion isn’t ______ and first clinical evidence is a ______

A

visible

white area on enamel

44
Q

Low concentrations of ______ applied frequently during the initial phase of caries can help with demineralization

A

fluoride

45
Q

The progression of carious lesions follows the general direction of ______

A

enamel rods

46
Q

____ and ______ caries occurs where three or more lobes of development join imperfectly, or at endings of grooves of teeth

A

Pit and Fissure

47
Q

_______ caries develops on proximal tooth surfaces where biofilm removal is protected

A

Smooth Surface

48
Q

What teeth are most often affected in early childhood caries

A

MX anterior teeth and primary molars

49
Q

Children need to be seen for an exam no longer than ______ mo after eruption of 1st tooth

A

6

50
Q

What is necessary for root caries to happen

A

Gingival Recession

51
Q

Caries does not form in the root surface while ________

A

PD fibers are attached

52
Q

Dental caries starts near the ______

A

CEJ

53
Q

Root caries occurs in a mildly ___ environment.

A

acidic

54
Q

Root caries lesions are describes as __, ___, or ______

A

soft, leathery, hard
soft, leathery (Active Lesions)
Hard ( Arrested lesions)

55
Q

Root caries increases ______ to coalesce with other small lesions

A

laterally

56
Q

The 2 basic types of pulp testing are

A

thermal

electric

57
Q

Intrinsic discoloration, fractures, large carious lesions, and fistulas are examples of ______ observations of ______

A

clinical

loss of vitality

58
Q

Apical radiolucency, bone loss, and fractured roots are example of _______ observations of _____

A

radiographic

loss of vitality

59
Q

The vitality of the pulp depends on ______ not ______

A

blood supply

nerve supply

60
Q

An electric tester reveals only whether a pulp is _______ or _______

A

vital

non-vital

61
Q

No response to an electric pulp test means?

A

Necrotic Pulp

62
Q

Lingering pain after removal of electrical stimulus to pulp means?

A

Irreversible pulpitis

63
Q

Pain subsides promptly after electrical pulp stimulus means?

A

reversible pulpitis

64
Q

Reasons for False-Negative Pulp Test Responses

A

Took pain meds (alcohol, narcotics)
Recently traumatized tooth
narrow calcified root canal
newly erupted tooth

65
Q

Primary dentition formation begins _____

A

in utero

66
Q

Mineralization of the permanent teeth starts at ___ and continues into ____

A

birth

adolescence

67
Q

What are the two methods of classifying cavities

A

G.V. Blacks

Nomenclature by Surfaces

68
Q

Phase 1 in the formation of a carious lesion is?

A

Incipient Lesion development

69
Q

Phase 2 in the formation of a carious lesion is?

A

Untreated Incipient Lesion development

Dental Hygiene 1 (26 decks)

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