Costley Module 10 ch 16 Flashcards
The stages of development of gingivitis and periodontitis are divided into what 4 stages?
Initial lesion
early lesion
established lesion
advanced lesion
Natural defense mechanisms respond due to what?
biofilm accumulation near the gingiva
The Initial Lesion occurs within ____ to ___ days of irritation from __________
2-4 bacterial accumulation (biofilm)
What infiltrates into the gingival sulcus during the initial lesion stage
WBC
The Initial Lesion stage comes with increased flow of ______
sulcular fluid
The gingiva looks ______ during the initial lesion stage?
normal (maybe slight redness as infection develops)
The Early Lesion stage comes with ______ biofilm
Thicker
Collagen fiber support to ________ starts to breakdown in the Early Lesion Stage?
gingival margin
The epithelium _______ in the Early Lesion Stage?
proliferates
There are early signs of _______ during the early lesion stage?
gingivitis
Early gingivitis is reversible if?
biofilm is controlled and inflammation reduced.
_______ cells are related to areas of chronic inflammation
plasma
During the Established Lesion Stage formation of _____ _____ happens
pocket epithelium
During the Established Lesion Stage you start to have early _______ formation with ______ on probing
bleeding
Clear evidence of inflammation is present with ______ redness, ______ during probing, and _____ marginal gingiva
marginal
bleeding
spongy
Bacteria from ______ biofilm enter the sulcus and provide the source for _____ biofilm
supragingival
subgingival
There is _____ ______ destruction during the Advanced Lesion Stage
Alveolar Bone
The junctional epithelium migrates ______ during the Advanced Lesion Stage
apically along root surface
There is pocket formation, ___, ___ _____ seen in the Advanced Lesion Stage
mobility
bone loss
________ disease is NOT a single pathologic entity
Periodontal
Definition of a Pocket
A diseased Sulcus
What distinguishes a pocket from a sulcus
presence or absence of infection
What distinguishes a gingival pocket from a periodontal pocket
The level of attachment on the tooth
What is the inner and outer walls of a pocket
inner: tooth surface
outer: sulcular epithelium/pocket epithelium
The base of the pocket is the ____ of the attached periodontal tissues
coronal margin
The base of a sulcus is the coronal border of the ______ _____
junctional epithelium
Pockets are divided into ___ and ___ types
gingival
periodontal
A gingival pocket is formed by ____ without ____
gingival enlargement
apical migration of junctional epi
The base of the sulcus (healthy) of a fully erupted tooth is near the______
CEJ
All gingival pockets are classified as ______
or coronal to the crest of alveolar bone
supra-bony
A Periodontal Pocket is formed as a result of _____ that caused the ______ to migrate apically along the _______
disease/degeneration
junctional epi
cementum
The base of a periodontal pocket is located on?
cementum
or combination of cementum/enamel
Periodontal Pockets are classified as _____ or _______
supra-bony
Intra-bony
Intra-bony Periodontal Pockets have a base _____ the crest of the alveolar bone level.
below
A pocket size is ______ and either follows the contour of the _____ or the _____
narrow
tooth
calculus
You can find _______ and their products, gingival ______ _____, _______ epithelial cells, _______ and ______ exudate in a periodontal pocket
Microorganisms sulcular fluid Desquamated Leukocytes WBC Purulent
The pocket deepens as a result of _______ and _____
continuing irritants
destructive agents in biofilm
The ________ detaches which allows the junctional epi to migrate apically
periodontal ligament fibers
Subgingival examination is dependent on __ and ____ transmitted by probe / explorer
tactile
auditory
Cementum overlaps enamel in _ to _% of teeth
60
65
Cementum and enamel meet ____ in 30% of teeth
directly
A small zone of _ may be between the cementum and enamel in _ to _%
dentin
5
10
In a class 1 furcation involvement the _____ can be felt by moving probe side to side
roots on either side
In a class 2 furcation involvement or _____ involvement…. the probe can _____ but not _____
moderate
enter furcation
pass through between roots
A class 3 furcation involvement is where a probe can?
pass through entire furcation between roots
A class 4 furcation involvement is the same as a class _____ but with?
3
exposure of roots due to gingival recession
What is a pocket that is described as having mucogingival involvement
one that extends to or beyond the MGJ and into the alveolar mucosa
Functions of Attached Gingiva:
Give support to?
Provide attachment for?
Withstand the frictional stresses of?
Marginal Gingiva
Alveolar mucosa
Mastication and toothbrushing
The ______ ________ serves as a barrier to keep infection outside the body
junctional epithelium (epithelial attachment)
Iatrogenic means?
factors created by professionals during pt. tx.
Complicating and risk factors for disease development may be __, __, or ___
etiologic
predisposing
contributing
A factor that is the actual cause of a disease or condition is called?
Etiologic Factor
A factor that lends assistance to, supplements, or adds to a condition or disease is called?
Contributing factor
A factor that renders a person susceptible to a disease or condition is called?
Predisposing factor
Local Factor VS Systemic Factor
Local: is something found in the oral cavity
Systemic: is something from a general physical/mental diseases
Salivary flow increases as a result of _____
sensory reflex stimulation
______ provide spillways for the escape of particles of food
embrasures
the __, ___ and _____ aid in natural rinsing process by forcing saliva over and between teeth
lips
cheeks
tongue
What seizure medication causes gingival enlargement?/
Phenytoin
What medicine is given as an immunosuppressant for transplant pts. and causes gingival enlargement
Cyclosporine
What medication is used to treat angina and ventricular arrhythmias that causes gingival enlargement
Nifedipine
What disease has an increased susceptibility to periodontal infections
Diabetes
There is greater periodontal attachment loss in pts with _______
osteoporosis
