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Dental Hygiene 1 > Costley Module 12 ch 38 > Flashcards

Costley Module 12 ch 38 Flashcards

1
Q

Examination Instruments include?

A

Probes and Explorers

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2
Q

Treatment Instruments include?

A

Curets and Scalers

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3
Q

The Design Name of an instrument is named after?

A

The school or individual responsible for designing it

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4
Q

The working end of a scaler/curet is called a?

A

Blade

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5
Q

The Cutting Edge is a very _______ where two surfaces meet.

A

fine line

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6
Q

The Lateral surfaces meet to form the _____ of the instrument

A

back

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7
Q

The _______ connects the working end with the handle

A

shank

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8
Q

The _____, ________, and _______ of the shank govern the access of the working end.

A

shape
length
rigidity

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9
Q

The section of shank adjacent to the blade is called the?

A

lower/terminal shank

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10
Q

A ______ shank is used for adaptation to tooth surfaces with unrestricted access…like anterior teeth

A

straight/flat

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11
Q

You would want an Angled shank when cleaning _____ surfaces of ______ teeth. In general angled shanks are great for more ______ areas of access

A

proximal
posterior
restricted

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12
Q

Examples of Angled Curets are?

how many bends do these curets have in the shank?

A

Gracey 11/12, 13/14, 15/16

3

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13
Q

The 13/14 and 17/18 Gracey Curets are best on what teeth and surfaces?

A

Distal surfaces of molars and premolars

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14
Q

The distance from the cutting edge (working end) and the junction of the shank and handle is?

A

1.5 in or 35-40mm

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15
Q

What is the benefits of a longer shank?

A

easy access into deep pockets and narrow roots and into furcation areas.

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16
Q

A Rigid, Thick Shank is best used to?

A

remove heavy calculus deposits

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17
Q

A Less Rigid, More Flexible Shank is better for?

A

removing fine deposits and maintenance root debridment

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18
Q

A double-ended instrument may have ____ or ______ working ends

A

paired (mirrored)

complementary

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19
Q

What describes an “ergonomic” handle

A

One that is lightweight

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20
Q

What are the 4 diameters of handles

A

3/8
5/16
1/4
3/16

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21
Q

What is the ideal diameters of handles

A

3/8 or 5/16

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22
Q

The working end of a balanced instrument is ____ in line with the ______ of the handle

A

centered

long axis

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23
Q

What are the categories of Curets

A

Universal
Area Specific
Minibladed (micro minibladed)

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24
Q

A scaler can be _____ or ________

It can also have what 3 other categories

A 
curved (sickle)
Straight (jacquette)
File
Hoe
Chisel
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25
Q

What are the parts of the blade of a scaler and a curet

A 
Face
Lateral surface
back
tip or toe
cutting edges
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26
Q

A tip of an instrument refers to a ____

A

scaler

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27
Q

A curet has a ____ at the end of the blade

A

toe

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28
Q

The cutting edge is formed by the junction of the ______ and _____

A

face and lateral surfaces

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29
Q

A scaler has a _____ tip and a ______ back whereas a curet has a ____ tip and a ______ back

A

pointed
V-shaped
rounded
rounded

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30
Q

The working ends of a Universal Curet are?

A

Paired mirror images

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31
Q

Blade Face of a Universal Curet is ___ to the lower shank and ____ in cross section

A

Perpendicular

Flat

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32
Q

Internal angles of a Universal Curet are?

A

70-80 degree angles

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33
Q

Gracey curets Face or _____ is at an agle of approximately ___ in relation to the lower shank

A

“offset”

70 degree

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34
Q

Each Gracey Curet has one _____ edge and the ______ toe

A

long sharpened cutting

rounded toe

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35
Q

The objectives of the Gracey Curets is to access ___ and conform to ______

A

base of deep pockets

curvatures of roots

36
Q

The lower shank on a Gracey Curet is elongated by _____mm

A

3

37
Q

A Miniblade and Micro Miniblade has a blade that is ______ the length of a regular Gracey Curet

A

1/2

38
Q

The ______ is narrower and 20% thinner with increase in rigidity of shank

A

Micro Miniblade

39
Q

What is necessary ( to complete procedure) as a followup after using ultrasonic scaling

A

Gracey area-specific curets

40
Q

The Gracey Curet Blade is applied to the tooth so that the face forms a ____ angle with the tooth

A

70

41
Q

What part of a Gracey curet is maintained on the tooth at ALL TIMES

A

toe 1/3 or lower 1/3

42
Q

Universal VS Area-Specific Curets

What they are best at?

A

Universal- removing as much calculus as possible

Area-Specific- fine scaling and root planing

43
Q

What are the 3 directions you STROKE a curet

A

pull:

vertical, horizontal, oblique

44
Q

When you use the word “scalers” it includes what types?

A

Sickle

Jacquette

45
Q

Scalers can have a ___, ___, or __ shaped shank

A

straight
curved
contra-angled

46
Q

Scalers have ____ cutting edges

A

2

47
Q

The primary use of a straight shank scaler is what area?

A

Anterior teeth

48
Q

A Modified or Contra-angle scaler provides acess to _______ teeth with one side adapting from the _____ and the other from the _____

A

Proximal surfaces of posterior
facial
lingual/palatal

49
Q

The principal use of a scaler is for removal of?

A

SUPRAgingival calculus

50
Q

Contraindications for use of Scalers SUBgingivally:

The blades are too ______ and can cause undue _______

A

large of size, thickness, and length

trauma to gingiva

51
Q

Contraindications for use of Scalers SUBgingivally:

The pointed tip can cause risk of __ or ___ of the cemental surface

A

grooving

scratching

52
Q

Contraindications for use of Scalers SUBgingivally:

Tactile sensitivity is ________ due to ___, ___ blades

A

decreased
large
heavy

53
Q

Small scalers are useful for removal of _____ supragingival deposits directly under ______ and between______

A

fine
contact areas
overlapping teeth

54
Q

File Scalers can be ____ or ____ material

A

metal

diamond

55
Q

The File scaler is made up of a series of _____ that are placed at a _____ angle with the shank

A

miniature hoes

90 degree

56
Q

File scalers are used to __ and _ calculus prior to using curets. This is helpful on patients that can’t have ________ scaling

A

crush
fracture
ultrasonic

57
Q

What type of scaler has a single straigh cutting edge with the blade turned at a 99 degree angle to the shank?

A

Hoe scaler

58
Q

The cutting edge of a hoe scaler is at a ______ degree angle to the end of the blade and the Shank can be ____ angulated

A

45

variously

59
Q

A Hoe Scaler is mostly used to remove ______ calculus. You have to maintain _____ contact on the tooth

A

large tenacious supragingival calculus

2-point

60
Q

File Scaler Stroke Motion

A

Linear Pull

61
Q

Hoe Scaler Stroke Motion

A

Coronal Pull

62
Q

What kind of scaler has a single stright cutting edge with a blade that is flat and beveled at a 45degree angle.

A

Chisel Scaler

63
Q

The main purpose of a chisel scaler is supragingival calculus removal from ______ surfaces of anterior teeth where ____ is missing

A

exposed proximal

interdental gingiva

64
Q

NWP:

The wrist is ____ and the ____ and _____ are in the same horizontal plane

A

straight
forearm
hand

65
Q

The Neutral elbow is ______degrees or greater with the forearm

A

90

66
Q

What is the support, or point of rest, on which a lever turns in moving a body

A

Fulcrum

67
Q

An effective finger rest is essential to What?

A

Stability, Unit Control, Prevention of Injury, Comfort for PT. and Control of Stroke Length

68
Q

The best place to put an intraoral finger rest is on a ________, in the same _____ and _____ when possible

A

adjacent tooth
arch
quadrant

69
Q

You can substitute a finger rest by using a _____ or _____ for areas with missing teeth or use your non-dominant hand placed in the ______ as a finger rest to aid in retraction and visibility in small children

A

cotton roll/gauze

vestibule

70
Q

The 3 types of finger rest variations are?

A

Substitute
Supplementary
Reinforced

71
Q

What is a type of Supplementary finger rest

A

“Finger on Finger”

72
Q

A reinforced finger rest is done by putting the _____ finger of non-dominant hand on the tooth and using the ______ of the dominant hand on the shank

A

index finger

thumb

73
Q

What are the effects of excess pressure on finger rest

A

Decreased: stability, control
Over-tight grasp
Fatigue: clinician and pt. (jaw)

74
Q

What are the 4 problem areas where attention, time, and careful application of skill is needed

A

Line Angles
Convex/Rounded surfaces
Cervical Area
Proximal Root Surfaces

75
Q

The probe tip is held _______ and the long axis of the working end nearly _____ with tooth surface

A

against the tooth

parallel

76
Q

An explorer is held with the tip at a _____ angle to the occlusal surface when detecting occlusal pit or fissure caries. And ___ on other surfaces

A

right angle

on tooth at all times

77
Q

At ____ angulation the curet face is flat against the tooth surface

A

Zero

78
Q

____ pressure is used for Assessment Strokes, ________ pressure is used for Scaling/Working Strokes

A

light

moderate to heavy

79
Q

A ______ stroke uses moderate pressure first and then lighter pressure as surface becomes smoother

A

Root Planing

80
Q

What happens if you have too little pressure when scaling

A

burnish calculus

loose control

81
Q

What happens if you have too much pressure when scaling

A 
remove tooth structure
loss of control
damage soft tissue
patient discomfort 
clinician fatigue
82
Q

A stroke is an _______ movement of an instrument

A

unbroken

83
Q

The assessment stroke is also called an ______ stroke

A

exploratory

84
Q

What stroke is used with a handpiece like when using a rubber polishing cup

A

Curvilinear/Circular

85
Q

A stroke is __, _, ___, and __ to protect the tissues from trauma

A

short
controlled
decisive
directed

Dental Hygiene 1 (26 decks)

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