Costley Module 13 ch 27 Flashcards
The composition of a tooth brush handle is most often ______ or ________
single plastic type
combination of polymers
What are tufts
the bristles of the toothbrush
The length of tufts may be _____ long and _____row wide. They can be arranged in what fashion?
5-12 tufts
3-4
consistent shape or varied
Tufts that are spaced wide allow for _______ and those spaced close allow for ______
easy cleaning
filaments to support each other
Most current toothbrushes have ______ filaments
nylon (synthetic)
Natural bristles are relatively ___, and their _______ can’t be standardized
unsanitary
physical qualifications
Filaments are also called?
bristles
Toothbrush selection factors:
Patient _______ and ______ ________
Age
Manual Dexterity
Toothbrush selection factors:
Status of ______/______ health and the
______ _______ of the gingiva
Gingiva/Perio
Anatomic Configuration
Toothbrush selection factors: (Position)
_____ contacts and _____ teeth
Open
Crowded
Toothbrush selection factors:
Patient ______ of a toothbrush may make them_________ change
preference
resist
A _______ end- _______ brush is the best
soft
rounded
Soft End-rounded brushes are more effective in cleaning the _____ areas, both ____ and _______
cervical
proximal
marginal
Soft End-rounded brushes cause less trauma to the ______ and can be directed into the _________ and into ______ areas for cleaning.
gingival tissue
sulcus
interproximal
Soft End-rounded brushes are applicable around fixed ________ and _____.
orthodontic appliances fixation appliance (broken jaw)
The _____ size of a soft end-rounded brush makes it ideal for what age group
small
young children
Tooth ________ and/or gingival ________ can be prevented by using a soft end-rounded brush
abrasion
recession
Start brushing from ______ and end ______
one molar same molar (lingual)
What is the most difficult side for a R-handed brusher to clean
right side
The number of strokes and length of time spent on brushing depends on?
Pt ability and efficiency in removing bio-film
For many patients use of the _____ system and the _____ system together works best in removing bio-film
count (count to 10 slowly or 6 strokes each position)
clock (brush for 3-4 min.)
Sulcular Brushing Method is also called?
Bass Method
The Bass/Sulcular brushing method is widely used for biofilm removal adjacent to and directly beneath the?
gingival margin
BASS Method:
direct fillaments ______
First position sides of filaments _____
Then turn brush head toward gingival margin at a ______ angle and brush into sulcus
apically
parallel with long axis of tooth
45
BASS method:
Press _______ and vibrate brush with at least ______,very _____ strokes
lightly
10
short
The Roll or Rolling Stroke Method doesn’t emphasize?
Sulcular cleaning
The ROLL method:
Used for ______ or when a _____technique seems too complicated
children
sulcular
The ROLL method
Meant for _____ cleaning in conjunction with?
general
vibratory technique
The Roll method is useful for preparatory instruction for the ______ method
modified Stillman
ROLL method: Procedure
direct filaments _______ while holding the brush so the bottom is lined up with the ____ surface of the tooth
Press filaments against ______ and roll brush slowly over the teeth _____ times
apically
occlusal
gingiva
5
ROLL method: Limitations
Brushing too high can lacerate ______
Quick, sweeping strokes results in no brushing of the ______ area of tooth
If filaments are directed into gingiva ___ can occur
alveolar mucosa
cervical 1/3 and interproximal
punctate lesions
The Stillman Method was designed for ___ and _____ as well as for cleaning the _____areas
massage
stimulation
cervical
The filaments were half on _____ and ______ in the Stillman Method
gingiva
cervical areas
The Modified Stillman incorporates a _____ with the vibratory_____ phase
roll
rotary
The CHARTERS method: Purpose
Massage and stimulate ___ and ___ gingiva
marginal
interdental
The Charters method: Positon of Brush
The filaments are directed toward the ___ at a _____ degree angle
occlusal/incisal
45
The Charters method: Limitations
Brush ends do not engage the _____
It is more _____ because you may have to use a different method for hard to reach areas.
gingival sulcus
complex/high dexterity needed
What 3 methods are used most often
Roll
Bass
Modified Stilman
The Fones Technique:
Brush with teeth ______ using fast, wide, ______ motion with _____ pressure
closed
circular
light
The Fones method is great for _____ but can be detrimental to ______
first technique for kids
adults who brush vigorously
What two strokes are acceptable for cleaning occlusal surfaces?
circular (vibratory) for a count of 10
sharp quick strokes (10 times)
The man foci for oral microorganisms are:
_____Of tongue
Gingival ____ and _____
Dental _____ on all teeth
Dorsum
sulci
pockets
biofilm
Microorganisms from saliva are principally from the______
tongue
What type of papillae on the tongue trap microorganisms easier
fungiform
When a person has a acute oral inflammation or a traumatic lesion what changes in OHI
brush all areas except affected area….rinse with warm saline solution to encourage healing.
You want to avoid ____, ____ brushing of an area after periodontal surgery so as to not displace______
direct
vigorous
dressings
Lack of oral cleanliness is a major contributing factor to acute stages of ______
necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
Acute Alterations of gingiva are usually ______ or _____
lacerations
ulcerations
Appearance of Acute Alterations of gingiva include _____ epi surface with _____ underlying connective tissues.
____ lesions (red pinpoint spots)
_____ redness and _______ attached gingiva
scuffed denuded punctate diffuse denuded
Chronic alterations of the gingiva deal with changes in the gingival _______
contour
Examples of types of Chronic Alterations to the Gingiva?
McCall’s Festoon gingiva (rolled)
Stillman’s cleft gingiva (slit-like)
The location of chronic alterations of the gingiva are usually on the ______ gingiva and frequently ______ related to the right/left handedness
facial
inversely
Recession is when the gingival margin moves________ exposing ________
apically
root surface
Abrasion is the wearing away of tooth structure due to ______ forces
mechanical
Most common cause of Tooth Abrasion
incorrect brushing with abrasive tooth-paste
Abrasion is primarily on _____ surfaces, especially of ___, _____, and sometimes ____
facial
canines
premolars
first molars
Bacteremia can be produced by _____ and _____
scaling
toothbrushing
Tooth brushes should be replaced every ______ months
2-3
Brush contaminations occurs with every use and has the potential for causing __ or __ infection
localized
systemic
Rotational power brushes move in a ___ motion
360 degree circular
The tongue can be cleaned by ______ or __ methods
brushing
tongue scrapper
