Module 1: What is Psychology?

Question 1

Aristotle

Answer 1

theorized about learning, memory, motivation, emotion

Question 2

Wundt

Answer 2

studied time difference between hearing a sound and being consciously aware of the sound (first psychology laboratory)

Question 3

structuralism

Answer 3

uses introspection to revel structure of human mind

Wundt and Titchener

Question 4

functionalism

Answer 4

how mental and behavioral processes function, allowing organisms to adapt, survive, and flourish
James

Question 5

James

Answer 5

functions developed by adaptive means

wrote Principles of Psychology

Question 6

Calkins

Answer 6

memory researcher who studied under James

first female president of American Psychological Association

Question 7

Washburn

Answer 7

first female to receive Ph.D in psychology
wrote The Animal Mind
APA’s second female president
studied under Titchener

Question 8

1900s definition of psychology

Answer 8

science of mental life

Question 9

1920s psychology

Answer 9

scientific study of observable behavior

Question 10

notable behaviorists

Answer 10

Watson, Rayner, Skinner

Question 11

Freudian Psychology

Answer 11

how behavior is effected by unconscious thoughts and emotional responses to childhood

Question 12

1960s psychology

Answer 12

humanistic - how environment influences growth potential

Question 13

notable humanists

Answer 13

Rogers and Maslow

Question 14

1960s Cognitive Revolution

Answer 14

return to interest in mental processes

Question 15

cognitive psychology

Answer 15

how we perceive, process, and remember information

Question 16

cognitive neuroscience

Answer 16

joins science of the mind and science of the brain

studies brain activity underlying mind activity

Question 17

modern psychology

Answer 17

science of behavior and mental processes

Question 18

nature vs. nurture

Answer 18

debate on whether genetics or environment is responsible for behavior

Question 19

which Greek philosopher supported nature?

Answer 19

Plato

Question 20

which Greek philosopher supported nurture?

Answer 20

Aristotle

Question 21

what did Darwin publish in 1859?

Answer 21

On the Origin of Species

Question 22

natural selection

Answer 22

nature selects traits that best allow organisms to survive and reproduce in a specific environment

Question 23

evolutionary psychology asks

Answer 23

how are humans alike because of common biology?

Question 24

behavior genetics asks

Answer 24

how are we different because of our genes and environment

Question 25

culture

Answer 25

behavior, ideas, attitudes, values, and traditions shared by a group of people and passed down through generations

Question 26

positive psychology

Answer 26

research and focus on human flourishing

Seligman

Question 27

levels of analysis

Answer 27

differing complementary views

Question 28

biopsychosocial approach

Answer 28

incorporates all levels of analysis to get more complete view

Question 29

basic research

Answer 29

pure science that aims to increase scientific knowledge base

Question 30

applied research

Answer 30

dealing with practical problems

Question 31

counseling psychologists

Answer 31

help people deal with problems

Question 32

clinical psychologists

Answer 32

asses/treat people with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders

Question 33

psychiatrists

Answer 33

MDs, can prescribe medicine

Question 34

community psychologists

Answer 34

work to create social/physical environments that are healthy for all