Module 1: What is Psychology? Flashcards
Aristotle
theorized about learning, memory, motivation, emotion
Wundt
studied time difference between hearing a sound and being consciously aware of the sound (first psychology laboratory)
structuralism
uses introspection to revel structure of human mind
Wundt and Titchener
functionalism
how mental and behavioral processes function, allowing organisms to adapt, survive, and flourish
James
James
functions developed by adaptive means
wrote Principles of Psychology
Calkins
memory researcher who studied under James
first female president of American Psychological Association
Washburn
first female to receive Ph.D in psychology
wrote The Animal Mind
APA’s second female president
studied under Titchener
1900s definition of psychology
science of mental life
1920s psychology
scientific study of observable behavior
notable behaviorists
Watson, Rayner, Skinner
Freudian Psychology
how behavior is effected by unconscious thoughts and emotional responses to childhood
1960s psychology
humanistic - how environment influences growth potential
notable humanists
Rogers and Maslow
1960s Cognitive Revolution
return to interest in mental processes
cognitive psychology
how we perceive, process, and remember information
cognitive neuroscience
joins science of the mind and science of the brain
studies brain activity underlying mind activity
modern psychology
science of behavior and mental processes
nature vs. nurture
debate on whether genetics or environment is responsible for behavior
which Greek philosopher supported nature?
Plato
which Greek philosopher supported nurture?
Aristotle
what did Darwin publish in 1859?
On the Origin of Species
natural selection
nature selects traits that best allow organisms to survive and reproduce in a specific environment
evolutionary psychology asks
how are humans alike because of common biology?
behavior genetics asks
how are we different because of our genes and environment
