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BOTANY LEC > MOD 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS > Flashcards

MOD 10: PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flashcards

1
Q

● Sum of all the INTERRELATED BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES that take place in a living organism
● ENERGY REQUIRING reaction

A

METABOLISM

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2
Q

● BUILD UP of molecules

A

ANABOLISM

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3
Q

● BREAKDOWN of molecules

A

CATABOLISM

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4
Q

what type of metabolism reaction is PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A

ANABOLIC

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5
Q

what type of metabolism reaction is CELLULAR RESPIRATION

A

CATABOLIC

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6
Q

● Process in which electrons TRANSFER ENERGY from one form to another

A

OXIDATION-REDUCTION REACTION

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7
Q

LOSS of one or more electrons

A

OXIDATION

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8
Q

GAIN of one or more electrons

A

REDUCTION

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9
Q

SUBSTANCE that GAINS electrons

A

OXIDIZING AGENT

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10
Q

SUBSTANCE that LOSES electrons

A

REDUCING AGENT

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11
Q

FORMULA NG PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A

6CO2 + 12 H20 —> C6H12O6 + 6O2

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12
Q

PHOTO means

A

LIGHT

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13
Q

SYNTHESIS means

A

PUTTING TOGETHER

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14
Q

PHOTOSYNTHESIS means

A

PUTTING TOGETHER WITH LIGHT

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15
Q

● It is a process by which PLANTS MANUFACTURE THEIR OWN FOOD when
they ABSORB LIGHT ENERGY

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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16
Q

It causes CARBON DIOXIDE and WATER to chemically COMBINE. FORMING GLUCOSE and EXCRETING OXYGEN into the atmosphere

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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17
Q

anong nagcocombine sa photosynthesis

A

CARBON DIOXIDE AND WATER

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18
Q

PRODUCT ng photosynthesis

A

GLUCOSE AND OXYGEN

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19
Q

● It is an anabolic, endergonic, Carbon dioxide requiring process

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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20
Q

○ Uses light energy and water to produce Organic macromolecules (Stored as Carbohydrates)

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

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21
Q

→ gets energy from “SELF”
○ Use LIGHT ENERGY to synthesize
organic molecules
- organisms that CAN MAKE THEIR OWN FOOD

A

AUTOTROPHS

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22
Q

→ gets energy from EATING OTHERS
○ Consumes organic molecules
- organisms that CANNOT PRODUCE THEIR OWN FOOD

A

HETEROTROPHS

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23
Q

● Site of Photosynthesis

A

CHLOROPLAST

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24
Q

CHLOROPLAST contains

A

STROMA
GRANA
THYLAKOIDS

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25
Q

■ FLUID inside the chloroplast

A

STROMA

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26
Q

■ STACK OF THYLAKOIDS

A

GRANA

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27
Q

■ CONTAINS THE CHLOROPHYLL

A

THYLAKOIDS

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28
Q

● GREEN PIGMENT that captures
light for photosynthesis

A

CHLOROPLAST

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29
Q

2 STAGES OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

A

LIGHT DEPENDENT
LIGHT INDEPENDENT (CALVIN CYCLE)

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30
Q

● REQUIRES LIGHT
● Involves the HARNESSING OF LIGHT ENERGY
● Occurs in the GRANA (Thylakoid
membrane)
● Byproducts:
○ ATP, NADPH, OXYGEN

A

LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION

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31
Q

LIGHT DEPENPENDET REACTION occurs in the

A

GRANA

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32
Q

BYPRODUCTS OF LIGHT DEPENDENT

A

ATP
NADPH
OXYGEN

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33
Q

LIGHT DEPENDENT is also referred to as

A

LIGHT REACTIONS

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34
Q

During the light dependent reactions:
1. Water molecules are ____

A

SPLIT APART

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35
Q

During the light dependent reactions:
1. when the water molecules are split apart, they release _____

A

ELECTRONS AND HYDROGEN GAS

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36
Q

WASTE PRODUCT of split water molecules in light dependent

A

OXYGEN

37
Q

REPLACES lost electrons by splitting water

A

PHOTOLYSIS

38
Q

Electrons from the split water molecules are passed along an ________

A

ELECTRON TRANSPORT SYSTEM

39
Q

During the light dependent reactions:
Energy-storing _____ molecules are
produced

A

ATP

40
Q

EXCITED electrons+additional light energy PROVIDES ENERGY for ADP to become ATP

A

PHOTOPHOSPHORYLATION

41
Q

During the light dependent reactions:
Some HYDROGEN split from the water molecules is involved in the REDUCTION of NADP to form ______

A

NADPH

42
Q

Two types of Photosystems

A

PS I AND PS II

43
Q

what photosystem comes first

A

PS II

44
Q

3 outputs of light dependent reactions:

A

OXYGEN
NADPH
ATP

45
Q

● DOES NOT NEED LIGHT to Occur
● Involves the CREATION OF CARBOHYDRATES
● Occurs in the STROMA
● Also referred to as Dark Reactions

A

LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTIONS

46
Q

where does the LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTIONS occur

A

STROMA

47
Q

LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTIONS are also referred to as

A

DARK REACTIONS
CALVIN CYCLE REACTION
KREBS CYCLE

48
Q

NEEDED products from light reactions to
drive LIGHT INDEPENDENT reaction

A

ATP
NADPH

49
Q

3 MAJOR EVENTS in Light INDEPENDENT
Reactions

A

● Carbon Dioxide Fixation
● Reduction
● Regeneration

50
Q

● Studied the Light-independent
reactions using a round, flat container
to grow GREEN ALGAE
○ To which he introduced RADIOACTIVE CARBON

A

MELVIN CALVIN

51
Q

ano ginamit ni MELVIN CALVIN sa pag study ng light independent reaction

A

GREEN ALGAE

52
Q

ano inintroduce ni melvin calvin

A

RADIOACTIVE CARBON

53
Q

● Also referred to as PHOTOSYNTHETIC CARBON REDUCTION (PCR) pathway

A

CALVIN CYCLE

54
Q

● Also referred to as CALVIN CYCLE pathway

A

PHOTOSYNTHETIC CARBON REDUCTION

55
Q

● Is a series of Chemical reactions that
convert CARBON DIOXIDE and HYDROGEN-CARRYING MOLECULES into
GLUCOSE

A

CALVIN CYCLE

56
Q

PRODUCT NG LIGHT INDEPENDENT / CALVIN CYCLE

A

GLUCOSE

57
Q

ilang molecules ng CO2 yung nasa unang part ng calvin cycle

A

6 MOLECULES

58
Q

ENZYME sa CALVIN CYCLE

A

RUBISCO

59
Q

→ FIRST STABLE COMPOUND formed in Photosynthesis

A

3PGA

60
Q

the formation of 12 3-carbon molecules / 3PGA happens in a process called

A

CARBON FIXATION

61
Q

The NADPH and ATP supply energy and electrons that chemically REDUCE the 3PGA to twelve molecules of

A

GA3P

62
Q

the SUGAR with which the Calvin cycle was INITIATED

A

RUBP

63
Q

ilang turns ng calvin cycle para maproduce ang 1 molecule of glucose

A

6 TURNS

64
Q

ATP

A

ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE

65
Q

NADPH

A

NICOTINAMIDE ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE

66
Q

How many GA3P molecules are FORMED by CO2 with RuBP

A

12 GA3P

67
Q

How many molecules of GA3P are RECYCLED to regenerate 3 RubP

A

5 GA3P

68
Q

How many molecules of ATP are used in THREE TURNS of the Calvin cycle? How about NADPH?

A

9 ATP ; 6 NADPH

69
Q

How many CO2, ATP, and NADPH are NEEDED to MAKE 1 molecule of GLUCOSE?

A

○ 6 molecules of CO2
○ 18 ATP
○ 12 NADPH

70
Q

○ As LIGHT increases, rate of photosynthesis _____

A

INCREASES

71
Q

○ As CO2 increases, rate of photosynthesis _____

A

INCREASES

72
Q

○ Low temperature → ____ rate of
photosynthesis

A

LOW

73
Q

○ High temperature → ____ rate of photosynthesis

A

HIGH

74
Q

○ If temperature is TOO HOT, rate ____

A

DROPS

75
Q

● When CO2 CONCETRATION is LOW

A

PHOTORESPIRATION

76
Q

○ Rubisco binds O2 instead of CO2

A

PHOTORESPIRATION

77
Q

● Wastes energy and reduces sugar synthesis

A

PHOTORESPRIATION

78
Q

PROTEINS that SPEED UP the reaction

A

ENZYMES

79
Q

GAS EXCHANGE regulation

A

STOMATA

80
Q
  • stomata
  • found UNDER LEAVES
A

CO2

81
Q
  • UPTAKE FROM ROOTS
A

H2O

82
Q

solar collectors

A

LEAVES

83
Q
  • photosynthetic unit
A

CHLOROPHYLL

84
Q
  • leaves = solar collectors
A

SUNLIGHT

85
Q

mini pathway

A

sunlight -> stomata -> chloroplast

86
Q

mini pathway in chloroplast

A

thylakoid -> stroma

87
Q

RUBISCO

A

RIBULOSE BIPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE/ OXYGENASE

88
Q

the string of 3 PHOSPHATE GROUPS is held together by

A

COVALENT BONDS

BOTANY LEC (20 decks)

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