mitral stenosis Flashcards
1
Q
causes
A
RHD - commonest
age related calcification
2
Q
features
A
gradual exertional SOB
reduced exercise tolerance
3
Q
when do symptoms usually begin
A
valve area < 1.5cm^2
normal area = 4-6
4
Q
signs
A
malar flush low volume pulse AF elevated JVP tapping apex beat R ventricular heave
5
Q
diastolic murmur - features
A
low pitched rumble loudest apex loudest expiration loudest with patient on L side loudest using bell
6
Q
ECG
A
R V hypertrophy
R axis deviation
AF (L atrial enlargement)
7
Q
Mx - symptomatic patients
A
balloon valvuloplasty (valve pliable + non-calcified)
percutaneous mitral valvotomy (moderate disease)
open valve repair/replacement (severe disease)
