Midterm pt. 2 Flashcards
one who believes the U.S. Constitution should be interpreted narrowly and literally.
Strict Constructionist
the presidential claim that the executive branch may withhold information from the Congress or its committees and the courts to preserve confidential communications within the executive branch or to secure the national interest.
executive privlege
Who created the power elite theory?
C. Wright Mills
What is the power elite theory, and when was it created?
the concept that the country was ruled by a small group of leaders, that come from all walks of life
a term that includes top Presidential staff agencies which provide advice in a variety of administrative areas.
The Executive Office of the President
What is the public policy making process?
- agenda-setting
- decision-making
- implementation
- evalution
- feedbaack to new agenda
Who created the idea of incrementalism?
Charles E. Lindblom
What is incrementalism and what are the benefits of it?
the idea that policy makers aren’t risk takers therefore create shuttle changes.
A benefit is that it minimizes rick and is easier.
How many cabinets are in the Federal corporation?
15
The heads of cabinets are known as __________
secretaries
the government accountability has __________ oversight.
financial
What is the Third sector?
non profit foundations
Who created the Third Sector and why?
Ronald Reagan, because he preferred smaller governments
What are the three characteristics of privatization?
- Selling Government Assets
- Financing Public Facilities
- Private Provision of Services
What are the pros and cons of privatization?
Pros: potential payoff in efficiency and productivity.
Cons:
- Using faith-based, charitable organizations to provide social services—which raise the issue of the separation of church and state.
- might lead to abuse and misuse of tax payer money.
- Use of privatization in the military
- Increasing pressures on the non-pro?it sector to provide federally mandated public services .
What is the difference between philanthropy and charity?
Philanthropy giving to a cause
Charity providing direct benefit,and momentary mercy
List the types of federalism in order and explain each one.
- dual federalism: separate government no longer exists
- cooperative federalism: collaborative relationships
- creative federalism: federal bypassed states and gave grants to local governments
- new federalism: attempted to return states’ autonomy, yet retained strong central government
- New, New Federalism: an attempt at revenue sharing
Who embodied dual federalism?
Adam Smith
Who embodied cooperative federlaism?
John Maynarkeen
Who embodied creative federalism?
Lindon Johnson
Who embodied new federalism?
Richard Nixon
Who embodied new new federalism?
Ronald Reagan
Who created the pump-priming theory?
John Maynarkeen
What is the pump-primping theory, and at what stage of federalism did this occur?
government spending to simulate an economy during a time of economic decline.
This happened during the cooperative federalism
Who created the marble cake federalism analogy, and what is it about?
Martin Grodzin.
It’s about intergovernmental relationships
What is picket fence federalism?
bureaucratic specialists interact constanly w/ each other, at all govt. and occupational levels.
They are pickets. Whereas elected officials (the bosses) come and go, and are the vertical slarts in the picket fence
Standards of Conduct vs. Code of Ethics
Standards of Conduct:
- created by government
- very specific
- applicable to bureaucrats
- often enforced
- legal penalties for violation
Code of Ethics:
- created by professional societies
- generally general
- applicable to members of a profession
- seldom enforced
- professional sanctions must apply
What is the Dirty Hand Dilemma?
the wrongful ACT done for public good
What are the four levels of ethics?
- Personal Morality-the basic sense of right and wrong
- Social Ethics-oblige members of a given society to act in ways that both protect individuals and further the progress of the group as a whole
- Organizational Ethics-an environment or culture that includes both formal and informal tules of ethical conduct
- Professional Ethics-set of professional norms and rules that obligate them to act in a certain “professional” way
Who created the theory of scientific management?
Fredrick Taylor
Scietiifc management is about _____ and _______.
time
motion
When scientific management was created teh country was moving from __________ to _______ way.
agricultural
factory
Who believed there was “one best way” to get something done?
Fredrick W. Taylor
