Chapter 9 powerpoint pt. 3 Flashcards
systematically compares work processes with those of competitors or with best practices in an industry
benchmarking
the process of benchmarking may be carried out _________ or ________
internally
externally
benchmarking may involve like functions in _______ organizations
unlike
benchmarking it may involve _____ ________ in unlike organizations
like functions
What are the three types of benchmarking?
- strategic benchmarking
- performance benchmarking
- progress benchmarking
what type of benchmarking, “how public, private, and nonprofit organizations compare with each other.”?
strategic benchmarking
what type of benchmarking, “how public, private, and nonprofit organizations compare with each other in terms of product and service.”?
performance benchmarking
what type of benchmarking, “how public, private, and nonprofit organizations compare, through the identification of the most effective operating practices of many organizations that perform similar work processes”?
progress benchmarking
which type of benchmarking is seldom industry focused?
strategic benchmarking
which type of benchmarking moves across industries and cities to determine the best-in-class strategic outcomes?
strategic benchmarking
which type of benchmarking usually focuses on elements of price, technical quality, ancillary product or service features, speed, reliability, and other performance features?
performance benchmarking
all of the major federal agencies (more than 50 in all) are now being graded on their progress in these five government-wide management initiatives:
- strategic management of human capital
- competitive sourcing
- improving financial performance
- expanded electronic government
- budget and performance integration
The color code system for scorecards:
green=
yellow=
red=
green=success
yellow=mixed results
red= unsatisfactory
The color code system for scorecards:
mixed results=
unsatisfactory=
success=
mixed results=yellow
unsatisfactory=red
success=green
while the red, yellow, and green scorecard colors may seem silly on the surface, underneath they facilitate three key objectives:
- to focus attention on what top management considers its key priorities
- to motivate organizational units to improve
- to provide timely assessments of progress
two things are certain:
- nothing will be _________, as that was the goal of the previous administration
- the _______ administration will have a new set of strategic __________ tools
reinvented
Obama
management
two things are certain:
- nothing will be reinvented, as that was the goal of the ________ administration
- the Obama administration will have a new set of ________ management _____
previous
strategic
tools
Obama signaled that he would have a focus on performance management that would include what specific initiatives?
- the creation of a new Chief Performance Officer who reports directly to the president
- Reconfiguration of the OMB’s Program Assessment Review Tool (PART) to make it more accessible to the public
- Implementation of consequences for success or failure in meeting objectives
Obama signaled that he would have a focus on performance management that would include specific initiatives:
- the creation of a new ______ _______ Officer who reports directly to the president
- Reconfiguration of the OMB’s _______ __________ _______ _____ (PART) to make it more accessible to the public
- ___________ of consequences for success or failure in meeting objectives
- chief performance
- Program Assessment Review Tool
- implementation
a tax specifically levied on certain behaviors that are deemed to be contrary to the societal good.
sin tax
what are examples of sin tax?`
smoking, alcohol, and gambling
a set of regulations that establish the minimum accepted level of safety for a constructed object
building code
the use of building codes has a long history, dating back as far as _____ ______ and the _____ __ ________
1760 B.C.E
Code of Hammurabi
The Code of Hammurabi established the following rules:
1.
2.
3.
- if a builder builds a house for someone, and does not construct it properly, and the house which he built falls in and kills its owner, then that builder shall be put to death
- if it ruins goods, he shall make compensation for all that has been ruined, and in as much as he did not construct properly this house which he built and it fell, he shall re-erect the house from his own means
- if a builder built a house for someone, even though he has not yet completed it: if then the walls seem toppling, the builder must make the walls solid from his own means
Who encouraged the adoption of building codes?
Washington and Jefferson
there were few codified standards for buildings until the early ____ century
20th
What now serves as the primary governing body for building regulations in the U.S. and beyond?
International Code Council
The International Code Council established things like?
fire escapes, sprinkler systems, energy efficiency, and special needs accessibility
the process by which local government can designate the types of structures and activities for a particular area
zoning
zoning began in the _____’s to protect neighborhoods from the ___________ of business and industry and to preserve their _______ and _______ integrity
1920
encroachment
economic
social
_______ began in the 1920’s to protect neighborhoods from the encroachments of ________ and _______ and to _______ their economic and social integrity
zoning
business
industry
perserve
zoning involves a highly complex legal process, which is often impacted by _____ _______
local politics
when it comes to zoning the government tells:
- _________ what they can use their ____ for
- _____ they are permitted to build structures
- what _____ of buildings can occupy a piece of ________
landowners land when type property
the first major zoning ordinance was passed in the nation’s most populous and densely packed metropolis- ____ _____
New York
In the case of ______ _______ ____v. ______ __ ______ (1924), the Supreme Court upheld the legality of zoning
Ambler Reality Co.
Village of Euclid
a zoning policy that keeps apartments and businesses out of single-home residential areas.
Euclidian Policy
Ambler Reality Co. v. Village of Euclid resulted in ________ ______.
Euclidian zoning
_____ _______ ___ v. ______ __ ______ resulted in Euclidian zoning.
Ambler Reality Co.
Village of Euclid
In Ambler Reality Co. v. Village of Euclid (1924) The supreme court ruled that zoning was a valid exercise of _____ government powers
local
In ______ ______ ___ v. ______ __ _____ (1924) The supreme court ruled that zoning was a valid exercise of local government powers
Ambler Reality Co.
Village of Euclid
