Middleton- childhood viral diseases Flashcards
Measles is what type of virus?
paramyxovirus
the genome of the measles virus is ______
(-)ssRNA
when the measles virus replicates, _____ proteins cause syncytia formation
fusion proteins
how is the measles disease spread?
inhalation of aerosolized droplets
symptoms from the measles disease begin ____ days after infection
10-14
T/F: the Measles is the most deadly childhood rash/fever illness
true
what visible symptom is “characteristic” to measles?
the rash
-immune response to virus damages/kills epithelial cells
what are the symptoms of Measles?
2-3 day fever and cough
rash- the “Koplik spots”- bright red, small spots
T/F: measles in mildly contagious due to its need for a human host
FALSE- it is extremely contagious
what is the best way to prevent the measles?
vaccine
Respiratory Syncytial Virus is what type of virus?
paramyxovirus
just like measles
since the respiratory syncytial virus is a paramyxovirus, what is its genome type?
(-)ssRNA
unlike the Measles, Respiratory syncytial virus’ will infect _____ cells
ciliated cells (in the respiratory tract)
_____ protein creates syncytia
fusion
how does the respiratory syncytial virus exit the host cell?
buds from cellular surface
which virus is responsible for “the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory tract infections”
Respiratory syncytial virus
the replication of the Respiratory syncytial virus is limited what?
the respiratory tract
T/F: Respiratory syncytial virus can be spread from animals to humans
false- only human to human
why does infection of the respiratory syncytial virus not yield lifelong immunity?
infants do not have a mature immune system
what are the risk factors for contracting the Resp Syncytial virus
- attending daycare
- school age siblings
T/F: like the Measles, the best way to avoid the respiratory syncytial virus is to be vaccinated
False- no vaccine exists (yet)
The Varicella Zoster virus is what kind of virus?
Alphaherpesvirus
alpha herpes virus
The genome of the Varicella Zoster virus is ______, and is very large
dsDNA
the Varicella Zoster virus replicates where?
within an ACTIVE cell
remember- dsDNA viruses need the cell’s polymerase
if a cell thats infected with Varicella is resting, what stage is the virus in?
latent infection
what disease does the Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) cause?
chickenpox
how long does the chickenpox virus (VZV) stay in its incubation period? low long do the symptoms last once it becomes active?
incubation- 10 to 21 days
recovery usually by 2 weeks after onset of symptoms
if a latent infection of VZV becomes active, it causes _______
shingles
the Poliovirus is what type of virus?
Picornavirus
the genome of the Poliovirus is _______
(+)ssRNA
what is different about the Virion of the poliovirus when compared to the other viruses discussed?
the poliovirus is non-enveloped
particles of the Poliovirus create _____ in the cell
membrane pores
the genome of the poliovirus (a +ssRNA) serves as ______
mRNA
the poliovirus’ primary replication occurs where?
the “peyer’s patches” of the small intestine
the poliovirus can replicate in the grey matter of the CNS. what can this cause?
limb paralysis
respiratory paralysis
T/F: there are 2 different types of Poliovirus vaccines
true
salk- killed
sabin- live attenuated
the Rotavirus is what type of virus?
Reoviridae
Like the Poliovirus, the virion of Rotavirus is ______
non-enveloped
what is unique about the Rotavirus genome’s replication?
the genome is never exposed during replication
Rotavirus (the disease) causes what symptoms
Vomiting, fever, Diarrhea
T/F: unlike Poliovirus, there are no known vaccines for Rotavirus
False: there are 2 different types
