Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Immuno/micro final > Bailey- chlamydia lecture > Flashcards

Bailey- chlamydia lecture Flashcards

1
Q

Chlamydiae are small, gram-_____ bacteria that are lacking what compound in their cell walls?

A

Gram-negative

no peptidoglycan (murien) in cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Chlamydiae are obligate ________ pathogens

A

intracellular- can only live inside cells or on live tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Chlamydiae depend on host ____ to survive

A

ATP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Chlamydial infections are the leading cause of preventable ________ in the world

A

blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

T/F: chlamydial infections are only spread through direct contact

A

false- can also be transmitted through droplets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chlamydia spreads by the “4 F’s”

name them:

A

1) fingers
2) flies
3) fomites
4) fornication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

C. trachomatis infections are usually _______ in females. why is this a problem?

A

asymptomatic

can eventually lead to sterility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

during birth, infants can contract a C. trachomatis infection, leading to what?

A

conjunctivitis and pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the transit form of C. trachomatis is known as the what?

A

elementary body (EB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

C. trachomatis is internalized by what?

A

receptor-mediated endocytosis

masquerades as nutrient, growth factor, hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the elementary body (EB) modifies the endocytic vesicle in 2 ways:

A

1) maintains pH above 6.2

2) prevents vesicle from fusing with lysosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does C. trachomatis “hide” within the host cells?

A

inside modified inclusion vacuole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

once a EB becomes infections, it changes into a

A

larger intracellular active organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is the name for the active, intercellular form of C. trachomatis?

A

RB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the trachomatis RB’s do 2 things inside the host cell:

A
  • synthesize molecules using host metabolites/energy

- divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F: the RB form of C. trachomatis exits the inclusion vacuole in order to access host cell nutrients

A

False- they use tube-like structures to allow feeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is Trachoma?

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva (caused by C. trachomatis strains)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Lymphogranuloma venerum

A

caused by Chlamydial strains

  • STD
  • infection of lymph nodes in genital region
  • mainly found in developing countries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

_______ ______ is the most prevalent chlamydial pathogen in humans

A

Chlamydophila pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae is observed in a majority of patients with what other illness?

A

atherosclerotic heart lesions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

antibiotics target what form of Chlamydia?

A

the active RB form

22
Q

what is the main problem with treating chlamydia?

A

the antibiotic must pierce 4 membrane layers to reach the bacteria

23
Q

Rickettsiae are known as “zoonoses” which means what?

A

infections are transmitted from animals to humans

24
Q

unlike Chlamydiae, Rickettsiae are capable of synthesizing some of their own _____

A

ATP

25
Q

which Rickettsiae disease is transmitted only by members of the hard tick family?

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

26
Q

bacteria spread via the ______ when exposed to rocky mountain spotted fever

A

bloodstream (Ticks suck blood)

27
Q

once the Rickettsiae is within the bloodstream, it attaches to what?

A

Vascular endothelial cells

28
Q

Rickettsiae uses ________ to lyse the phagosome and enter the cytosol of endothelial cells

A

Phospholipase

29
Q

the “comet tail” seen in Rickettsiae infections is due to what?

A

actin polymerization- bacteria uses the hosts actin to propel itself

30
Q

lysis of endothelial cells leads to what?

A

hemorrhagic spots- leakage of blood

hence the “spotted” fever

31
Q

T/F: once infected with rocky mountain spotted fever, the patient will need antibiotics to clear the infection

A

false- 75% of patients will clear the infection on their own

32
Q

Typhus group fevers include which strains of Rickettsiae?

A

R. prowazekii

R. typhi (most common)

orienta tsutsugamushi

33
Q

Rickettsiae Ehrlichia infect which host cell structures?

A

monocytes and macrophages

34
Q

HGE and HME stand for what?

A

HGE = Human granulocytic ehrlichoisis

HME = human monocytic ehrlichiosis

35
Q

Rickettsiae Ehrlichia develop within host cell _____

A

vacuoles

36
Q

the first development stage of R. Ehrlichia development is known as what?

A

reticulate cell (RC)

37
Q

what is the second development form of R. Ehrlichia?

A

dense-core cells

38
Q

diagnosing Rickettsiosis is difficult because the bacteria requires _____________ or inoculation of animals

A

eukaryotic cell cultures

39
Q

_______ are the smallest organisms capable of growth on cell-free media

A

Mycoplasma

40
Q

Mycoplasma requires ____ to grow

A

sterol (cholesterol)

41
Q

Mycoplasma lacks a ____ ____, meaning they are not sensitive to what?

A

lack a cell wall, meaning they are not sensitive to penicillin

42
Q

humans are the only reservoir for this species of Mycoplasma:

A

M. pneumoniae

43
Q

M. pneumoniae is often called “______ pneumonia”

A

walking pneumonia

44
Q

M. pneumoniae adhere to ______ epithelium

A

respiratory

45
Q

the bodies main inflammatory response to M. pneumoniae is what?

A

lymphocytes

46
Q

what type of pneumonia is caused by Mycoplasma?

A

Bronchopneumonia

47
Q

T/F: M. pneumonia destroys large amounts of host tissue

A

false- mainly impairs ciliary function

48
Q

what immunoglobulin causes Hemolytic anemia? (caused by M. pneumoniae damage)

A

IgM

“Cold hemagglutinins”

49
Q

what is special about cold hemagglutinins?

A

at low temps, these antibodies cause RBC’s to stick together

50
Q

M. genitalium is known as what?

A

“newest emerging human pathogen”

acts a lot like M. pneumoniae

51
Q

which 2 genital Mycoplasmas are associated with disease in newborns?

A

M. hominis

U. urealyticum

52
Q

R. Typhi causes what form of typhus? what about R. prowazekii? Orientia tsutsugamushi?

A

R. Typhi- Murine typhus

R. prowazekki- Recrudescent typhus

Orentia tsutsugamushi- Scrub typhus

Immuno/micro final (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions