MicroEvolution

Question 1

MicroEvolution is any change in a population’s _____ over time or between generations

Answer 1

Gene frequencies

Question 2

The only level of evolution we can normally observe in our life time is

Answer 2

Microevolution

Question 3

A population is all the members of a ____ that potentially would like to ____ together. They form the local ____ pool

Answer 3

Traits, high gene, gene

Question 4

The hardy Weinberg equation conditions identified 5 sources/cause of evolution:

Answer 4

Mutation
Gene flow
Random mating
Natural Selection
Large population

Question 5

Types of Natural Selection: In response to a drought a birds population’s average beak size increases

Answer 5

Directional Selection

Question 6

Types of Natural Selection: Because both underweight and babies over 9 pounds. Hve a reduced survival, average human birth rate remians fairly stable over time.

Answer 6

Stabalizing Selection

Question 7

Types of Natural Selection: A dry land snake population expands its range into a marshland and forest area. Over time subpopulations form adapting to living and find prey in aquatic marshland and the other specializing in the shaded forest areas

Answer 7

Disruptive Selection

Question 8

In response to a new antibiotic the frequency of resistance increases

Answer 8

Directional Selection

Question 9

Fur coloration is fairly constant in small mammal populations. Both lighter and darker morphs tend to succumb to predation more easily

Answer 9

Stabalizing Selection

Question 10

Genetic Drift takes place in _____ populations

Answer 10

Small

Question 11

The effect of genetic drift on a population, is that over time the _____ is reduced by random events. In a _____ effect a larger population is reduced to a few individual and then the population recovers become a large again.

Answer 11

Gene pool, bottle neck

Question 12

When a new population if founded by a few individuals and the new population remains isolated form the parent population this causes a ____ effect

Answer 12

Founder

Question 13

The net result of genetic drift is _______ in a population

Answer 13

Change in allele frequency

Question 14

In lab a group of stoneflies only used 25 individuals to mate for each generation, by 35 generations the allele frequency had

Answer 14

Increased

Question 15

When they used 50 individuals to mate for each generation, by 35 generations the allel frequency had

Answer 15

Lower

Question 16

Our california sea otters were hunted down to around 30 individuals. Since then they number have come up around to 2,750. Looking at the genetics of this population you would expect the diverstiy to be ______ because the population has been through a ______

Answer 16

lower, Bottle neck

Question 17

The most obvious result of sexual selection is _____ in a population, where you can distinguish the females from the males

Answer 17

Off Spring

Question 18

It is seperate from natural selection in that it solely adapts for traits that enhance an organism’s ability to _____. Natrual selection in that it solely adapts for traits that enhance an organism’s adaptation to ______

Answer 18

Reproduce ,survive

Question 19

Male elephant seals competing againts each other to establish a harem is an example of sexual selection in that it directly selects male individuals with certain traits that are more likely than other individuals to

Answer 19

produce fertile offspring

Question 20

Frequency Dependent Selection is when the most common form is selected _____

Answer 20

against

Question 21

In our coho salmon when the jack forms is most prevalent, they have problems finding ____ and are selected againts. When hooknose is the more prevalent morph there is more _____

Answer 21

Mates, competition

Question 22

When right-mouthed predator fish are abundant, they prey learn to avoid them, increasing the survival of ____ predator fish

Answer 22

left-mouthed

Question 23

In _____ there are several recognizable forms or morphs in the same population. The morphs are not specifically ____ to local conditions. Red flower and white flowering peas in the same population is a ______.

Answer 23

Polymorphism, adapted, ?

Question 24

A locally adapted population is an ecotype. This population shares traits as a whole that make it better adapted to _____. You compare it to another _______

Answer 24

Habitats, Population

Question 25

A series of locally adapted populations along an environment gradient is a _____. IT is made of several different ______.

Answer 25

Cline, Ecotypes

Question 26

List the environmental factor in the three environmental gradients we looked at:
I. Long island to the Atlantic ocean: fish allele frequency along a _____ gradient.
II. Maine to georgia fish allele frequency along _____ gradient.
III. Yarrow plants in California along a ____ gradient

Answer 26

I. Salinity
II. Latitidue
III. Elevation

Question 27

Lions and Tigers are both members of the same ____ becuase they share a common _____.

Answer 27

Genus, ancestor

Question 28

Lions and Tigers are seperate

Answer 28

Species

Question 29

In Taxonomy, a groupo of families more closely related to each other than groups of families would for a(n) __

Answer 29

Order

Question 30

We use the ____ ____ concept to determine what make up a species

Answer 30

Biological species

Question 31

Species are all the natural ______ that potentially can ____ together

Answer 31

Populations, reproduce

Question 32

How come sometimes populations meet the B.S.C standard but still aren’t recognized as a seperate species

Answer 32

No potential to interbreed

Question 33

The B.S is a “gold standard”, two cases where species are recognized but don’t meer the standard
A) Forms fertile hybrids but still are sperate species EX:_____
B) __________ EX: Fossils

Answer 33

Wheat, non-sexual species cannot reproduce within population

Question 34

Some breeders have crossed lions and tigers to make ligers and tigons, still biologist consider tigers and lions to be a seperate species becuase these liger and tigon hybrids are ______

Answer 34

Allopatric

Question 35

For a new species to form of _____ to gene flow develops between groups of populations