Fungi Flashcards
A multicellular kingdom, like plants and animals
Fungi
Cell wall material
Chitin,
Nutritional mode: feed by___ using exoenzymes, which are ____
Absorptive Nutrition, secreted enzymes
As they grow they ____ their substrate
break down
They are _____, primarily breaking down deada organic material
Saprobes
They reproduce by making sexual and asexual _____
Spores
Fungi are in the same clade with animals, the ____
Opisthukonts
Fungi are responsible most of the food _____ in storage
Spoiling
The Whole fungal organism is called a ____
Mycelium
They grow by forming long tubular-shaped cells called ____. These are an adaptation that allows them to get big by maintaining a constant ____ as the cell volume increases
Hyphae, Surface area
Plant parasites and symbionts form haustoria in plants, that penetrate the ____ but do not breakthrough the plant cell membrane
Cell wall
Many fungi ( soil and molds) compete with _____ in nature and have evolved to produce ___
Bacteria, antibiotics
Hyphae grow together and the cytoplasm fuse in _____ which forms the dikaryotic stage.
Plasmogamy
A (N+N) hypahe is called
Dikaryotic
In karyogamy the ____ fuse to form the ____
two nuclei, zygote
In terrestrial fungi, Karyogamy takes place in the (structure in the life cycle) ___, ___, or ___
Asci, zygosporangia, or basidia
Chytrids-Zoospores which can ___ in water
Swim
Chytrids are a serious pathogen on ____. In the sierras an invasive chytrid has infected and nearly killed out our native _____
Land, yellow legged frogs
Mitospores are a type of ___ reproduction
Asexual
Meiospores are the products of the ____ dividing
Zygote
Coenocytic hyphae have
Free flowing nuclei
Fungal ecological roles: Yeast are…
Unicellular fungi: growing in liquid substrates
Form new cells by budding
Some can sexually reproduce, many form asci
Some can ferment sugar to alcohol
Fungal ecological roles: Molds are…
Rapidly growing, asexually reproducing fungi
Most have non-mold sexual stages
The mycelia of these fungi grow as saprobes or parasties on a variety of substrates
Often break down
Mycorrhizae are a symbiosis is between a ____ and a ____
plant root, fungus
Fungi provide: _____ and recieve: ____
Organic nutrients, phosphate ions + nutrients
Mycorrhizae are crucial to the establishment and survival of our ____ plants
Terrestrial
Rusts produce ______ colored spores on leaves
Orange/Yellow
Smuts are ___ like and rot fruits
Yeast
Two common fungal human skin infections are:
Yeast, lung infections
A potentially serious fungal infection in California that comes from soil fungus is ______ fever
San joaquin valley
A symbiosis is a
relationship between two organisms who live close contact with each other
The lichen Mycobiont is the
Fungi
The lichen Phycobiont is the
Phycobiant
Lichens reproduce by making tuffs of a few lichen cells called
Soredia
