Microbiology of skin infections

Question 1

gram positive cocci in clusters

Answer 1

staph aureus

Question 2

coagulase positive staph

Answer 2

staph aureus (golden colour)

Question 3

is staph epidermidis coagulase positive or negative

Answer 3

negative

Question 4

main cause of wound infections

Answer 4

staph aureus

Question 5

gram positive cocci in chains

Answer 5

strep

Question 6

what staph can cause UTI in women of child bearing age?

Answer 6

staph. saprophyticus

Question 7

describe the classification of strep by haemolysis

Answer 7

beta- complete haemolysis
alpha- partial haemolysis
gamma- no haemolysis

Question 8

what type of strep are the most aggressive?

Answer 8

group A and group B beta haemolytic strep

Question 9

which strep group tend to cause sever skin and throat infections?

Answer 9

Group A

Question 10

which strep group causes meningitis in neonates?

Answer 10

Group B

Question 11

what are the 2 important alpha haemolytic strep?

Answer 11

strep. viridans

strep. pneumoniae

Question 12

what is the most common cause of pneumonia

Answer 12

strep. pneumoniae

Question 13

what are the main competitive bacterial flora of skin?

Answer 13

staph.epidermidis

corynebatcerium sp. (diptehroids)

proprionobacterrium sp.

Question 14

can staph aureus cause impetigo?

Answer 14

yes

Question 15

what infections can staph aureus cause?

Answer 15

impetigo
cellutlitis
boils
infected eczema
wound infection

Question 16

what skin infections can strep pyogenes cause?

Answer 16

infected eczema
impetigo
cellulitis
erysipelas -red on both  cheeks
necrotising fascitis

Question 17

what type of strep is strep pyogenes

Answer 17

groups A beta haemolytic

Question 18

how do you go about diagnosing skin infections?

Answer 18

swab of lesion
pus of tissue

blood cultures if deeper infection

Question 19

how do you treat staph aureus infection?

Answer 19

flucloxacillin

Question 20

how do you treat strep. pyogenes infection?

Answer 20

penicillin

+flucloxacillin

Question 21

how do you treat necrotising fascititis?

Answer 21

surgical debridement and antibiotics

Question 22

what is necrotising fascitits?

Answer 22

bacterial infection spreading below skin surface along fascial planes leading to rapid tissue destruction

causes severe pain!!

Question 23

when should you swab leg ulcers/

Answer 23

only if cellulitis or other infection is present

Question 24

what is the main underlying problem of leg ulcers?

Answer 24

vascular problem

Question 25

tinea=?

Answer 25

ringworm

Question 26

tinea capitis

Answer 26

scalp

Question 27

tinea barbae

Answer 27

beard

Question 28

tinea corporis

Answer 28

body

Question 29

tinea pedis

Answer 29

feet (athletes foot)

Question 30

tinea manuum

Answer 30

hand

Question 31

describe the pathogensis of dermatophyte (ring worm)

Answer 31

fungus enter abraded or soggy skin

hyphae spread in stratum conreum

Question 32

who is affected more by ringworm?

Answer 32

males.- foot and groin

scalp ringworm mainly affect children

Question 33

main causal organism of ringworm?

Answer 33

trichophyton rubrum

Question 34

how do you go about diagnosing skin infections?

Answer 34

clinical appearance
wood lights
skin scraping, nail clipping etc.- get microscopy and culture

Question 35

how do you treat ringworm infections?

Answer 35

clotrimazole creamfor small areas of infected skin/nails

for scalp infections- terbinafine orally or intraconazole orally

Question 36

how to treat candida

Answer 36

clotrimazole cream or oral fluconazole

Question 37

what causes scabies?

Answer 37

sarcoptes scabei

Question 38

where do you feel the itch in scabies?

Answer 38

finger webs, wrist and genital area

Question 39

how do you treat scabies?

Answer 39

benzyl  benzoate (adults only)
malathion lotion, applied overnight to whole body

Question 40

what is pediculus capitis

Answer 40

head lice

Question 41

what is pediculus corporis?

Answer 41

body lice

Question 42

what is phthirus pubis?

Answer 42

pubic louse

Question 43

how to you treat lice

Answer 43

malathion