Microbiology 13: Mycobacterial Diseases Flashcards
Which organism is used in the BCG vaccine ?
Mycobacterium. Bovis
Describe Mycobacterium as an organism ?
Non-motile Rod shaped Waxy cell wall Slow-growing Acid alcohol fast gram +ve
Name 2 stains that pick up mycobacterium ?
auramine
Ziehl neelson
Name the slow growing NTM that causes swimming pool granuloma ?
Mycobacterium Marinum
Which slow growing NTM causes Buruli ulcers ?
Mycobacterium Ulcerans
What are some risk factors for NTM infections ?
Age
Underlying lung disease- CF, Bronchiectasis, COPD
Immunocompromised
What are the 2 types of mycobacterium leprae?
Paucibacillary tuberculoid
Multibacillary lepromatous
What are the main differences between Paucibacillary tuberculoid
And Multibacillary lepromatous ?
Paucibacillary tuberculoid
- Few skin lesions
- robust Th1 cell response
Multibacillary lepromatous
- abundance of bacilli
- multiple skin lesions
- Poor Th2 mediated cell response
What is the primary TB granuloma in the lungs called ?
Ghon focus
Which allergic reaction can be seen with primary TB ?
Erythema nodosum
What is TB infection of the spine called ?
Pott’s disease
What is Scrofula ?
Lymphadenitis due to TB, usually affecting the cervical lymph nodes.
How can you test for TB in children ?
Gastric aspirate- children swallow their sputum
which 2 tests are used to screen for TB ?
Tuberculin skin test
IGRA (interferon gamma release assay)
What are the first line medications to treat TB ?
RIPE
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
