Histopathology 8: Liver pathology

Question 1

Aspergillus produces …………. which causes hepatocellular carcinoma

Answer 1

Aflatoxin

Question 2

Which tumour marker indicates hepatocellular carcinoma ?

Answer 2

AFP

Question 3

List 4 causes of hepatocellular carcinoma ?

Answer 3

• Hepatitis B or C
• Alcoholic cirrhosis
• Haemochromatosis
• Aflatoxin
• NAFLD

Question 4

Which cancer is caused by liver flukes ?

Answer 4

Cholangiocarcinoma

Question 5

Which syndrome is associated with cholangiocarcinoma ?

Answer 5

Lynch syndrome type II

Question 6

What are the macrophages in the liver called ?

Answer 6

Kupffer cells

Question 7

Where do stellate cells reside in the liver ?

Answer 7

Space of disse

Question 8

Is alcoholic cirrhosis micronodular or macronodular ?

Answer 8

Micronodular

Question 9

Is cirrhosis due to viral hepatitis micronodular or macronodular ?

Answer 9

Macronodular

Question 10

List 3 histological features of alcoholic liver disease ?

Answer 10

• Ballooning
• Mallory denk bodies
• Fibrosis

Question 11

What causes NAFLD ?

Answer 11

Insulin resistance e.g due to diabetes or obesity

Question 12

What is the characteristic histological features of PBC ?

Answer 12

Granulomatous destruction of bile ducts secondary to chronic inflammation

Question 13

Which auto antibody is associated with PBC ?

Answer 13

anti-mitochondrial antibodies

Question 14

Describe the characteristic histological features of PSC ?

Answer 14

• Periductal bile duct cirrhosis leading to bile duct loss

- “Onion skinning”

Question 15

Which disease is associated with PSC ?

Answer 15

Ulcerative colitis

Question 16

Is cirrhosis due to biliary tract disease micronodular or macronodular ?

Answer 16

Micronodular

Question 17

List 5 genetic causes of liver cirrhosis ?

Answer 17

haemochromatosis 
wilson's disease
alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency 
galactosaemia 
glycogen storage disease

Question 18

What is the most common benign liver tumour ?

Answer 18

Haemangioma

Question 19

Which zone in liver lobules is the first to be affected by alcoholic liver disease ?

Answer 19

Zone 3

Question 20

Which HLA is associated with autoimmune hepatitis ?

Answer 20

HLA-DR3

Question 21

List 3 auto antibodies seen in autoimmune hepatitis ?

Answer 21

ANA
Anti-SMA
Anti-LKM

Question 22

ERPC shows beading of bile ducts.

Most likely diagnosis ?

Answer 22

PSC

Question 23

What is Budd-Chiari syndrome ?

Answer 23

Compression/ Occlusion of the hepatic vein

Question 24

Which stain is used to identify copper in Wilson’s disease “

Answer 24

Rhodanine stain

Question 25

What happens to Caeruloplasmin levels in Wilson’s disease ?

Answer 25

They are reduced

Question 26

Which genetic disease causes both Emphysema and liver cirrhosis ?

Answer 26

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency

Question 27

Which auto-immune disease is associated with PBC ?

Answer 27

Sjogrens

Question 28

What is the triad for PBC ?

Answer 28

Jaundice
xanthelasma
pruritus

Question 29

Give 2 causes of haemosiderosis ?

Answer 29

alcohol

blood transfusions