Histopathology 4: Endocrine pathology Flashcards
Which 2 hormones are secreted from the posterior pituitary gland
ADH
Oxytocin
What is the most common pituitary adenoma ?
Prolactinoma
Which cells produce calcitonin ?
Parafollicular cells (C-cells)
What is the most common cause of non-toxic goitre world wide ?
Iodine deficiency
What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism ?
Grave’s disease
List the triad of features seen in Grave’s disease ?
Hyperthyroidism
Exophthalmus
Pretibial myxoedema
Hypothyroidism with Hurthle cells on histology.
Most likely diagnosis ?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Most common carcinoma of the thyroid ?
Pappilary carcinoma
Thyroid histology shows psamomma bodies, empty looking nuclei and intranuclear inclusions.
Most likely diagnosis ?
Pappilary carcinoma
Congo red staining of the thyroid shows apple green birefringence. The cancer is affecting the parafollicular cells. The patient is known to have MEN2a
Most likely diagnosis ?
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Calcitonin is produced from the parafolicular cells and is broken down to form amyloid which deposits in the thyroid gland.
What is a common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism ?
Renal failure
List 5 physical signs seen in hypoparathyroidism ?
CATS go numb
Convulsions
Arrhythmias
Tetany
Spasms
Numbness
Which paediatric tumour affects the adrenal medulla ?
Neuroblastoma
List 3 syndromes which feature phaeochromocytomas?
MEN
von Hippel Lindau
Sturge-Weber