Histopathology 6: Gynaecological pathology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common site of ectopic pregnancy ?

A

Ampulla of the fallopian tube

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2
Q

List 2 high risk HPV serotypes for cervical cancer ?

A

HPV 16

HPV 18

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3
Q

Which cells are characteristic of HPV on histology and appear to have a halo around the nucleus

A

Koilocytes

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4
Q

Describe CIN 1, CIN2, CIN 3, carcinoma?

A

CIN 1: Mild dyskaryosis limited to 1/3 of epithelium
CIN 2: Moderate dyskaryosis limited to 2/3 of epithelium
CIN 3: Severe dyskaryosis affecting entire epithelium
Carcinoma: Evidence of invasion through the basement membrane

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5
Q

At what age do girls receive the HPV vaccine ?

A

12-13

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6
Q

List 3 causes of PID ?

A

Chlamydia
Gonorrhoea
TB

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7
Q

What happens to the position of the uterus in severe endometriosis ?

A

It becomes retroverted

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8
Q

What is meant by chocolate cyst of the ovary?

A

Endometrioma

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9
Q

List 2 complications of Fibroids around pregnancy ?

A

Red degeneration

Post-partum torsion

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10
Q

What is the most common type of endometrial cancer ?

A

Endometroid adenocarcinoma

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11
Q

Which mutation is most commonly associated with Serous adenocarcinoma of the endometrium ?

A

P53

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12
Q

Define FIGO stage 1 of endometrial cancer

A

Confined to the endometrium

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13
Q

Define FIGO stage 2 of endometrial cancer

A

Spread to the cervix

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14
Q

Define FIGO stage 3 of endometrial cancer

A

Spread to adnexa, vagina or local lymph nodes

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15
Q

Define FIGO stage 4 of endometrial cancer

A

Distal metastasis or other pelvic organ spread

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16
Q

Into which 3 categories are ovarian tumour often subdivided ?

A
  • Epithelial
  • Germ cell
  • Sex cord/ stromal
17
Q

Which bilateral ovarian tumour is likely if Signet ring cells are present ?

A

Kreukenberg tumour

18
Q

List 4 epithelial cell Ovarian tumours ?

A

Serous cystadenoma
Mucinous cystadenoma
Endometroid
Clear cell

19
Q

Which ovarian tumour has Psamomma bodies ?

A

Serous cystadenocarcinoma

20
Q

Which ovarian tumour is associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei ?

A

Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma

21
Q

Which ovarian tumour has Walthard cell rests and “coffee bean” nuclei ?

A

Brenner tumour

22
Q

Which ovarian tumours contain ectodermal, endodermal and mesodermal cell lines ?

A

Teratoma (dermoid cyst)

23
Q

Which Ovarian tumour is histologicaly similar to a testicular seminoma and associated with Turner’s syndrome ?(Typically secrete hCG and LDH)

A

Dysgerminoma

24
Q

Which Ovarian germ cell tumour is associated with high levels of beta HCG ?

A

Choriocarcinoma

25
Which germ cell ovarian tumours typically secrete AFP and show Schiller-Duval bodies on histology ?
Yolk sac tumours
26
Which sex cord/ Stromal Ovarian tumour produces oestrogen leading to precocious puberty if in children or endometrial hyperplasia in adult? (Histology shows Call-Exner bodies)
Granulosa (theca) cell tumour
27
Which sex cord/ Stromal Ovarian tumour produces androgens leading to masculinizing effects? Which syndrome is this tumour associated with ?
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour Peutz-Jegher syndrome
28
Which ovarian tumour is associated with Peutz-Jegher syndrome
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour
29
Which ovarian tumour is associated with Meigs' syndrome and tends to occur around the menopause ? (histology shows bundles of spindle-shaped fibroblasts)
Fibroma
30
List the triad of features seen in Meig's syndrome ?
Fibromas Ascites Pleural effusions
31
Describe FIGO stage 1 of Ovarian cancer ?
Limited to the ovaries
32
Describe FIGO stage 2 of Ovarian cancer ?
Limited to the pelvis
33
Describe FIGO stage 3 of Ovarian cancer ?
Limited to the abdomen
34
Describe FIGO stage 4 of Ovarian cancer ?
Distant metastases outside of the abdominal cavity
35
which vaginal cancer are children of women who were treated with diethyl stilbosterol for threatened abortion at increased risk of?
Clear cell carcinoma