microbiology

Question 1

what colour does gram positive stain ?

Answer 1

purple

Question 2

what colour does gram negative stain ?

Answer 2

pink

Question 3

define pathogen

Answer 3

harmful organism

Question 4

what is a commensal ?

Answer 4

organism that is part of the normal flora

Question 5

what only causes infection in immunocompromised individuals ?

Answer 5

opportunistic pathogen

Question 6

define contaminant

Answer 6

organism that has got into a culture by accident

Question 7

what is pathogenicity ?

Answer 7

ability of a microorganism to produce disease

Question 8

what is virulence ?

Answer 8

degree of pathogenicity if an organism

Question 9

how does bacterial growth occur ?

Answer 9

replicate by binary fission

Question 10

what are the three types of atmosphere ?

Answer 10

aerobic - in presence of air

microaerophillic - reduced O2 concentration and enriched CO2

anaerobis - no O2 present

Question 11

what are the two types of toxins ?

Answer 11

exotoxin
endotoxin

Question 12

exotoxin

Answer 12

produced inside cell and exported from it
usually gram positive bacteria

Question 13

endotoxin

Answer 13

part of gam negative bacterial cell wall
usually gram negative bacteria

Question 14

what are different types of fungi ?

Answer 14

moulds
yeasts

Question 15

what do moulds produce ?

Answer 15

spores and hyphae

Question 16

give an example of a mould

Answer 16

aspergillus

Question 17

what is yeast ?

Answer 17

single cells
reproduce by budding

Question 18

what is an example of yeast ?

Answer 18

candida