basics of the reproductive system Flashcards
what are gametes ?
(give examples)
a haploid cell
male - spematoza
female - oocyte/ovum
where are the reproductive gametes produced ?
male - testes
females - ovaries
describe the anatomy of the pelvic cavity ?
located within bony pelvis
continuous with abdominal cavity
between the pelvic inlet and pelvic outlet
what is the location and function of the pelvic floor ?
location - internal wall of skeletal muscle
function - separates pelvic cavity and perineum
location of the perineum
inferior to pelvic floor
between proximal parts of lower limb
how is the pelvic roof formed ?
formed by parietal peritoneum
describe the anatomy of the parietal peritoneum
lining of abdominal cavity
firmly attached to walls
drapes over pelvic viscera
what are the accessory reproductive organs (female) ?
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina
what are the layers of the body of uterus wall ?
perimetrium
myometrium
endometrium
what words describe the position of the uterus ?
anteverted
anteflexed
anteverted
cervix tipped anteriorly relative to the axis of the vagina
anteflexed
uterus tipped anteriorly relative to the axis of the cervix
what hormones do ovaries produce ?
oestrogen
progesterone
when do ovaries produce hormones ?
in response to pituitary hormones
where does fertilisation occur ?
ampulla
where does implantation occur ?
occurs in the body of the uterus
what are the 5 steps of menstruation ?
ova develops in ovaries
one ovum released into peritoneal cavity
ovum gathered by fimbriae into infundibulum of uterine tube
ovum moves along uterine tube by cilia
unfertilised ovum released by contractions of the myometrium
describe ectopic pregnancy ?
fertilised ovum implants out with the uterine cavity
where does ectopic pregnancy occur ?
tubal pregnancy (97%)
abdominal pregnancy
potential danger of ectopic pregnancy
danger of haemorrhage - loss of blood
give an example sterilisation
tubal ligation
- blocks the lumen
describe the development of the testes ?
originate on the posterior wall of the abdominal cavity
descend into the scrotum
through the anterior abdominal wall (inguinial canal)
what is the vas (vas deferens) ?
the tube that sperm pass through
follows the testis into the scrotum
what connects the testis to (almost) the urethra ?
the vas
where is the sperm produced ?
seminiferous tublules
what is the journey of sperm once produced ?
sperm passes to rete testis
then to head of epididymis which becomes vas derferens
what does the spermatic cord contain ?
vas deferens
testicular artery
pampiniform plexus of veins
what happens to the erectile tissue during erection ?
fills with blood at artrial pressure
what are accessory reproductive organs (male) ?
vas deferens
seminal glands
prostate gland
penis
give an example of male sterilisation
vasectomy
- vas deferens is transected
- lumen sutured and closed
