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Microbiology- HLSC 124 🦠 > Microbio Chapter 23- Microbial Diseases of the CV and Lymphatic Systems > Flashcards

Microbio Chapter 23- Microbial Diseases of the CV and Lymphatic Systems Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the bacterial diseases affecting the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems?

A
  1. Septicemia
  2. Peripheral sepsis
  3. Rheumatic fever
  4. Anthrax
    5.Gangrene
  5. Spotted fever
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2
Q

What does Septicaemia progress to?

A

Sepsis –> Septic shock

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3
Q

What does septicemia cause?

A

Lymphangitis

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4
Q

What can be a source of infection causing Sepsis?

A

SIRS

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5
Q

What is the final stage of Septicemia?

A

Septic shock
-organ failure, death

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6
Q

What is GAS?

A

Group A Streptococcus

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7
Q

What is infected causing Puerperal sepsis?

A

An abdominal cavity infection

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8
Q

How can puerperal sepsis be transmitted?

A

To mother during childbirth or nurses, doctors etc.

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9
Q

How is puerperal sepsis treated?

A

Penicillin

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10
Q

What CV/Lymphatic system microbial diseases are by GAS?

A

Puerperal sepsis
Rheumatic fever

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11
Q

What is Rheumatic fever a sequel to?

A

Strep throat

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12
Q

Rheumatic fever: Symptoms?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Arthritic, nodules form
  3. Heart valves affected (Mitral stenosis)
  4. Chest pain, murmurs
  5. Heart failure —> death
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13
Q

How is Mitral stenosis treated?

A

Valve replacement

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14
Q

When do the chest pain/heart failure symptoms caused by Rheumatic fever occur?

A

Mid-life

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15
Q

What are the 3 exotoxins produced by anthrax?

A
  1. Protective antigen
  2. Lethal toxin
  3. Edema toxin
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16
Q

What does Anthrax bacteria have that helps it reproduce?

A

Endospores

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17
Q

How is Anthrax treated?

A

penicillin and cipro

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18
Q

Is Anthrax preventable?

A

Yes, vaccine that requires 6 doses yearly

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19
Q

What are the 3 forms of Anthrax?

A

GI
Pulmonary
Skin

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20
Q

What is the mortality for GI form of anthrax?

A

~50% mortality

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21
Q

What does GI form of anthrax cause?

A

Haemorrhaging

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22
Q

What is the mortality for Pulmonary form of anthrax?

A

~100% mortality

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23
Q

What was the pulmonary form of Anthrax used as after September 11th?

A

A bioweapon
-Sent in letters, postal workers affected

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24
Q

What does the pulmonary form of anthrax cause?

A

Septicemia

25
Q

What is the mortality for Skin form of anthrax?

A

~20% mortality

26
Q

What doe the Skin form of anthrax cause?

A

Eschar
-Type of necrotic tissue that can develop on severe wounds

27
Q

What bacteria causes gangrene?

A

Clostridium perfringens

28
Q

What facilitates the growth of gangrene?

A

Enzymes degrading collagen and proteinaceous tissue
and toxins

29
Q

What toxins does Gangrene bacteria produce?

A

Alpha toxin

30
Q

What does alpha toxin inhibit?

A

Lecithin

31
Q

What does Lecithin do?

A

Helps form epithelium

32
Q

What does alpha toxin cause?

A

Necrosis

33
Q

Gangrene symptoms?

A
  1. Pain
  2. Ruptured vessels ooze fluid
  3. Blackening of tissue
  4. Gases form
  5. Foul odour
34
Q

What gases does Gangrene form?

A

CO2 and H2
-Carbohydrates are fermented = Gas gangrene

35
Q

Who is susecptible to gangrene?

A

Diabetics (injection site)
Gun shot wound
Abortion
Fracture

36
Q

What causes Spotted fever?

A

Ricksettia ricksetti
-Spread by insect/tick

37
Q

What does spotted fever cause?

A

CV damage

38
Q

What viruses affect the CV and lymphatic systems?

A
  1. HHSV-4 or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
    2.HHSV-5 or Cytomegaly virus (CMV)
39
Q

What immune cells are targeted by HHSV-4/EBV?

A

B-cells (Latent)

40
Q

What can EBV/HHSV-4 cause?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma
Nasopharynx cancer
Mono
Chronic fatigue syndrome

41
Q

What is Burkitt’s lymphoma?

A

Fast growing tumour of jaw

42
Q

How is mono spread?

A

Shed in saliva

43
Q

What is the incubation period for mono?

A

4-8 weeks

44
Q

How many students are affected by mono?

A

~1.5 million students

45
Q

What are the symptoms of Mono?

A
  1. Fever
  2. Sore throat
  3. Fatigue
  4. Swollen lymphnodes
  5. Enlarged spleen
46
Q

What does Chronic fatigue syndrome cause?

A

Muscle fatigue, memory affected, increased titer of EBV, and enlarged lymph nodes and spleen

47
Q

What lymphatic cells are targeted by HHSV-5/CMV?

A

T-cells (latent)

48
Q

How is HHSV-5/CMV spread?

A

Saliva, semen, vaginal fluid and placenta

49
Q

What can HHSV-5 cause in HIV-infected patients?

A

retinitis?

50
Q

What microbial disease that affects the CV/Lymphatic system is caused by Protozoa?

A

Malaria

51
Q

What is Malaria caused by?

A

Plasmodium vivax

52
Q

What are vectors for transmission of malaria?

A

Mosquitoes and Humans

53
Q

Malaria symptoms?

A
  1. fever
  2. Aches
  3. Vomiting
  4. Anemia (RBCs rupture)
  5. Liver
  6. Spleen
  7. Kidneys
54
Q

What treats malaria?

A

Quinine + doxycycline

55
Q

What is the first stage of the malaria cycle?

A

Mosquito bite –> Sporozites

56
Q

What is the second stage of the malaria cycle?

A

Sporozites travel in the blood to the liver and form into Merozoites

57
Q

What occurs after Merozoites form in the malaria cycle?

A

Merozoites enter the blood, infect RBC enter ring stage which produces more merozoites which are either released or enter 3rd stage pf the cycle.

58
Q

What is the third stage of the malaria cycle?

A

Merozoites become male/female gametes

59
Q

What is the fourth stage of the malaria cycle?

A

Zygotes form and cycle continues

Microbiology- HLSC 124 🦠 (18 decks)

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