Microbio: Antimicrobials 2 Flashcards
What are the different indications for using B-lactam abx?
Gram +ve
Gram -ve: 3rd gen cephalosporins, carbapenems
What are the different indications for using glycopeptide (eg. vancomycin) abx?
MRSA, C. diff
What are the indications for using amnioglycoside abx? (eg gentamicin)
Gram –ve sepsis
What are the indications for using tetracycline abx? (eg doxycycline)
Intracellular (chlamydia)
What are the indications for using macrolide abx? (eg erythromycin)
Gram +ve (penicillin allergy), atypical pneumonia
What are the indications for using chloramphenicol abx? (eg Eye drops)
Bacterial conjunctivitis
What are the indications for using oxazolidinone abx? (eg Linezolid)
Gram +ve, MRSA, VRE
What are the indications for using fluroquinolones abx? (eg ciprofloxacin)
Gram -ve
What are the indications for using nitoimidazole abx? (eg metronidazole)
Anaerobes, protozoa, C. diff
What are the indications for using rifamycin abx? (eg rifampicin)
Mycobacteria (TB)
What are the indications for using sulfonamide abx? (eg sulphamethoxazole)
PCP (sulphamethoxazole with trimethoprim = co-trimoxazole)
What are the indications for using diaminopyrimidine abx? (eg trimethoprim)
UTI
What abx is generally given to skin infections (usually s. aureus)?
Flucloxacillin
What abx is generally given to pharyngitis?
Benzylpenicillin
What abx is generally given to CAPs?
Mild: amoxicillin
Severe: co-amoxiclav
Atypical: clarithromycin
What abx is generally given to HAPs?
Co-amoxiclav + Gentamicin / Tazocin
What abx is generally given to bacterial meningitis?
Ceftriaxone
+ ampicillin if young/old
What abx is generally given to UTIs?
Trimethoprim / nitrofurantoin / cephalexin / co-amoxiclav
What abx is generally given to C. diff colitis?
Metronidazole
Vancomycin (2nd line)
Which of the following is the most appropriate antibiotic choice to treat cellulitis?
a) Benzylpenicillin b) Co-amoxiclav c) Flucloxicillin d) Meropenem e) Clarithromycin
c) Flucloxicillin - skin infection most likely s. aureus
A patient has a mild (CURB 1) pneumonia. You would usually prescribe amoxicillin, however the patient is penicillin allergic. Which of the following is the most appropriate alternative?
a) Co-amoxiclav b) Ceftriaxone c) Meropenem d) Clarithromycin e) Ciprofloxacin
d) Clarithromycin
A stool sample sent for a patient with diarrhoea is positive for C. diff toxin. Which of the following is the most appropriate antibiotic choice?
a) Metronidazole b) Meropenem c) Ciprofloxacin d) Gentamycin e) Rifampicin
a) Metronidazole
