Micro "Most Commons" Flashcards
Most common bugs that mimic appendicitis
Yersinia enterocolitica
Nontyphoidal Salmonella
Campylobacter jejuni
7 most common causes of bloody diarrhea
Campylobacter Salmonella Shigella EHEC EIEC Yersinia enterocolitica Entamoeba histolytica
6 most common causes of watery diarrhea
ETEC Vibrio cholerae C. difficile C. perfringens Protozoa Viruses
Most common causes of pneumonia in neonates (< 4 weeks)
Group B strep
E. coli
Most common causes of pneumonia in children (4 weeks - 18 years)
Viruses (RSV) Mycoplasma Chlamydia trachomatis (infants-3 years) C. pneumoniae (school aged children) S. pneumoniae
Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (18-40 years)
Mycoplasma
C. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae
Most common causes of pneumonia in adults (40-65 years)
S. pneumoniae H. influenzae Anaerobes Viruses Mycoplasma
Most common causes of pneumonia in elderly
S. pneumoniae Influenza virus Anaerobes H. influenzae Gram-negative rods
Most common causes of nosocomial pneumonia
Staph
Enteric gram-negative rods
Most common causes of pneumonia in immunocompromised
Staph Enteric gram-negative rods Fungi Viruses Pneumocystis jirovecii - with HIV
Most common causes of aspiration pneumonia
Anaerobes
Most common causes of pneumonia in alcoholics and IV drug users
S. pneumoniae
Klebsiella
Staph
Most common causes of pneumonia in cystic fibrosis
Pseudomonas
S. aureus
S. pneumoniae
Most common causes of postviral pneumonia
Staph
H. influenzae
S. pneumoniae
Most common causes of atypical pneumonia
Mycoplasma
Legionella
Chlamydia
Most common causes of meningitis in newborns (0-6 months)
Group B strep
E. coli
Listeria
Most common causes of meningitis in children (6 months-6 years)
S.pneumoniae
N.meningitidis
H. influenzae type B
Enteroviruses
Most common causes of meningitis in 6-60 year olds
S. pneumoniae
N. meningitidis (#1 in teens)
Enteroviruses
HSV
Most common causes of meningitis in 60 year old +
S. pneumoniae
Gram negative rods
Listeria
Most common causes of viral meningitis
Enteroviruses (esp. coxsackievirus) HSV-2 (HSV-1=encephalitis) HIV West Nile virus VZV
Most common causes of meningitis in HIV patients
Cryptococcus
CMV
Toxoplasmosis (brain abscess)
JC virus (PML)
Most common causes of osteomyelitis given no other information
S. aureus
Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sexually active
N. gonorrhoeae (rare), septic arthritis more common
Most common causes of osteomyelitis in diabetics and IV drug users
Pseudomonas
Serratia
Most common causes of osteomyelitis in sickle cell
Salmonella
Most common causes of osteomyelitis in prosthetic replacement
S. aureus
S. epidermidis
Most common causes of osteomyelitis in vertebral disease
M. tuberculosis (Pott’s disease)
Most common causes of osteomyelitis with cat and dog bites or scratches
Pasteurella multocida
Most common cause of UTI
E. coli
2nd most common cause of community acquired UTI in sexually active women
Staph saprophyticus
3rd leading cause of UTI
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Most common causes of PID
Chlamydia trachomatis
Neisseria gonorhoaea
Most common bacterial STD in the U.S.
Chlamydia trachomatis
Most common cause of rash in unimmunized children
Rubella: begins at head and moves down with postauricular lymphadenopathy
Measles: begins at head and moves down, rash preceded by cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, photophobia and Koplik spots
Most common cause of meningitis in unimmunized children
H. influenzae type B
Poliovirus
Most common causes of pharyngitis in unimmunized children
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Most common causes of epiglottis in unimmunized children
H. influenzae type B
